Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- exposure to fungal spores
- risk factors that impair host defenses
- fever
- headache
- dyspnea
- dry or nonproductive cough
- pleuritic chest pain
- anorexia
- productive cough
Other diagnostic factors
- abdominal pain
- fatigue
- malaise
- arthralgias
- weight loss
- hepatosplenomegaly
- scattered crackles on chest auscultation
- bronchial breathing on chest auscultation
- distant breath sounds on chest auscultation
- hemoptysis
- meningitis-like symptoms
- skin lesions
- GI symptoms
- sepsis-like syndrome
Risk factors
- exposure to fungus
- emphysema
- HIV infection
- treatment with TNF-alpha antagonists
- treatment with corticosteroids
- neutropenia
- stem cell and solid organ transplant
- graft-versus-host disease
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- chest x-ray
- culture of pulmonary secretions
- antigen testing
- immunodiffusion precipitin test
- complement fixation assay
- CT scan of chest
- CBC
- LFTs
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Authors VIEW ALL
Consultant
Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Mediclinic City Hospital
Dubai
United Arab Emirates
Disclosures
ZAM has received speakers' honoraria from Merck-MSD.
Associate Professor
Pediatric Infectious Diseases
The Children's Hospital at Montefiore
New York
NY
Disclosures
DLG declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers VIEW ALL
Assistant Professor
Family Medicine
Mayo Clinic
Jacksonville
FL
Disclosures
PR declares that he has no competing interests.
Associate Professor of Medicine
Division of Infectious Diseases
Department of Internal Medicine
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
Springfield
IL
Disclosures
JK declares that he has no competing interests.
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