Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- pruritus
- xerosis (dry skin)
- sites of skin involvement
Other diagnostic factors
- erythema
- scaling
- vesicles
- papules
- keratosis pilaris
- excoriations
- lichenification
- hypopigmentation
Risk factors
- filaggrin gene mutation
- age <5 years
- family history of atopic dermatitis
- allergic rhinitis
- asthma
- active and passive exposure to smoke
- female sex
- African-American ethnicity
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- clinical diagnosis
Tests to avoid
- IgG testing
- radioallergosorbent test
Tests to consider
- IgE levels
- skin-prick testing
- oral food challenge
- trial elimination diet
- patch testing
- skin biopsy
Treatment algorithm
acute flare
chronic or relapsing disease
Contributors
Authors
Adelaide A. Hebert, MD
Professor & Director of Pediatric Dermatology
Clinical Specialist
Department of Dermatology and Pediatrics
University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston
Houston
TX
Disclosures
AAH has received research grants paid to UTHealth McGovern Medical School Houston from Pfizer, GSK, Dermavant, Arcutis, and Novan; has received honoraria from Pfizer, Verrica, and Novan; and is on the data safety monitoring boards for GSK, Ortho Dermatologics, and Regeneron-Sanofi.
Alexander Jafari, MD
Dermatology Clinical Research Fellow
Department of Dermatology
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
Houston
TX
Disclosures
AJ declares that he has no competing interests.
Matthew Dallo, MD
Clinical Research Fellow
Department of Dermatology
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
Houston
TX
Declarações
MD declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimentos
Dr Adelaide A. Hebert, Dr Alexander Jafari, and Dr Matthew Dallo would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Eugenio G. Galindo, Dr Quoc-Bao D. Nguyen, Dr Mary D. DarConte, Dr Christina M. Gelbard, and Dr Daniel A. Grabella, previous contributors to this topic.
Declarações
EGG, QBDN, MDD, CMG, and DAG declare that they have no competing interests.
Revisores
Amor Khachemoune, MD
Assistant Professor
New York University School of Medicine
NY
Declarações
AK declares that he has no competing interests.
John English, MBBS, FRCP
Consultant Dermatologist
Department of Dermatology
Queen's Medical Centre
Nottingham University Hospitals
Nottingham
UK
Declarações
JE declares that he has no competing interests.
Créditos aos pareceristas
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Declarações
As afiliações e declarações dos pareceristas referem--se ao momento da revisão.
Referências
Principais artigos
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Atopic eczema in under 12s: diagnosis and management. Sep 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
European Dermatology Forum. Living EuroGuiDerm guideline for the systemic treatment of atopic eczema. Oct 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo
Davis DMR, Drucker AM, Alikhan A, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis in adults with phototherapy and systemic therapies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2024 Feb;90(2):e43-56.Texto completo Resumo
Sidbury R, Alikhan A, Bercovitch L, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis in adults with topical therapies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Jan 11:S0190-9622(23)00004-X.Texto completo Resumo
Artigos de referência
Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
Diagnósticos diferenciais
- Seborrheic dermatitis
- Irritant contact dermatitis
- Allergic contact dermatitis
Mais Diagnósticos diferenciaisDiretrizes
- Atopic eczema in under 12s: diagnosis and management
- Atopic eczema in under 12s: diagnosis and management
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Eczema
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