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Growth hormone deficiency in children

Last reviewed: 17 Aug 2025
Last updated: 17 Apr 2025

Summary

განსაზღვრება

ანამნეზი და გასინჯვა

ძირითადი დიაგნოსტიკური ფაქტორები

  • parental consanguinity
  • short stature
  • poor growth velocity
  • short for target height
  • absent pubertal growth spurt ± delayed puberty
  • central nervous system (suprasellar) tumor symptoms
  • symptoms of other pituitary hormone dysfunction
  • characteristic facial appearance
სრული ტექსტი

სხვა დიაგნოსტიკური ფაქტორები

  • assisted birth
  • visual impairment
  • associated dysmorphic features
  • focal neurologic deficits
  • hyperphagia/obesity
  • temperature dysregulation/sleep disorder
  • behavioral problems
სრული ტექსტი

რისკფაქტორები

  • family history of GHD
  • other pituitary hormone deficiencies
  • central nervous system (CNS) tumors/cysts
  • radiation therapy
  • midline abnormalities
  • CNS infiltrative disorders
  • perinatal complications
  • CNS trauma
  • preexisting iron overload disorder
  • child abuse
  • CNWS infections
სრული ტექსტი

დიაგნოსტიკური კვლევები

1-ად შესაკვეთი გამოკვლევები

  • x-ray wrist
  • thyroid function tests
  • IGF1 and IGFBP3
  • baseline pituitary function tests
  • basic hematology and biochemistry screen
სრული ტექსტი

გასათვალისწინებელი კვლევები

  • GH provocation test
  • MRI brain
  • CT brain/x-ray skull
  • full pituitary hormone evaluation
  • specialist referral
  • genetic studies
  • random GH
სრული ტექსტი

მკურნალობის ალგორითმი

მწვავე

confirmed GH deficiency

კონტრიბუტორები

ავტორები

Hoong-Wei Gan, BMedSci (Hons), BMBS, MSc, PhD, MRCPCH

Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist

Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust

London

UK

გაფრთხილება:

HWG is currently taking part in sponsored research (ongoing) for Pfizer Registry of Outcomes In GH Research (PROGRES). HWG has been previously invited to write a review article for The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology titled National UK guidelines for the management of paediatric craniopharyngioma for which he received financial compensation. HWG has been invited to give a lecture at the PE Connect Symposium, sponsored by an educational grant from Ipsen Ltd. He is an author of references cited in this topic.

Harshini Katugampola, BSc, MBBS, MSc, PhD, MRCPCH

Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist

Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust

London

UK

გაფრთხილება:

HK is an author of references cited in this topic.

მადლიერება

Dr Hoong-Wei Gan and Dr Harshini Katugampola would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Ameeta Mehta, Professor Mehul T. Dattani, and Dr Kyriaki S. Alatzoglou, previous contributors to this topic.

გაფრთხილება:

AM is an author of references cited in this topic. MTD received lecture fees from Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, and Ipsen; consultancy fees from Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Ipsen, and Sandoz; and was a member of a Novo Nordisk advisory board. Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Ferring, Ipsen, Lilly, Merck, and Serono have made financial contributions to MTD's departmental teaching program. MTD declared that none of these activities are related to this topic. MTD is an author of references cited in this topic. KSA is an author of references cited in this topic.

რეცენზენტები

Martin Savage, MA, MD, FRCP, MRCPCH

Professor of Paediatric Endocrinology (Emeritus)

Department of Endocrinology

William Harvey Research Institute

St Bartholomew's and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry

John Vane Science Centre

London

UK

გაფრთხილება:

MS has received honoraria and consultancy payments from Ipsen, Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, and Merck Serono.

Paul Saenger, MD, MACE

Professor of Pediatrics

Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology)

Montefiore Medical Center

Albert Einstein College of Medicine

New York

NY

გაფრთხილება:

PS declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

წყაროები

ჩვენი მტკიცებულებებისა და სარედაქციო ჯგუფები თანამშრომლობენ საერთაშორისო ექსპერტებსა და რეცენზენტებთან, რათა უზრუნველვყოთ თქვენი წვდომა კლინიკურად ყველაზე მნიშვნელოვან ინფორმაციაზე.

ძირითადი სტატიები

Hage C, Gan HW, Ibba A, et al. Advances in differential diagnosis and management of growth hormone deficiency in children. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2021 Oct;17(10):608-24. აბსტრაქტი

GH Research Society. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of growth hormone (GH) deficiency in childhood and adolescence: summary statement of the GH Research Society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Nov;85(11):3990-3.სრული ტექსტი  აბსტრაქტი

Grimberg A, DiVall SA, Polychronakos C, et al. Guidelines for growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I treatment in children and adolescents: growth hormone deficiency, idiopathic short stature, and primary insulin-like growth factor-I deficiency. Horm Res Paediatr. 2016;86(6):361-97.სრული ტექსტი  აბსტრაქტი

Yuen KCJ, Biller BMK, Radovick S, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology guidelines for management of growth hormone deficiency in adults and patients transitioning from pediatric to adult care. Endocr Pract. 2019 Nov;25(11):1191-232.სრული ტექსტი  აბსტრაქტი

გამოყენებული სტატიები

ამ თემაში მოხსენიებული წყაროების სრული სია ხელმისაწვდომია მომხმარებლებისთვის, რომლებსაც აქვთ წვდომა BMJ Best Practice-ის ყველა ნაწილზე.
  • დიფერენციული დიაგნოზები

    • Idiopathic short stature
    • Constitutional delay in growth
    • Familial short stature
    მეტი დიფერენციული დიაგნოზები
  • გაიდლაინები

    • Guidelines for management of growth hormone deficiency in adults and patients transitioning from pediatric to adult care
    • Guidelines for growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I treatment in children and adolescents: growth hormone deficiency, idiopathic short stature, and primary insulin-like growth factor-I deficiency
    მეტი გაიდლაინები
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