Summary
Definition
History and exam
Other diagnostic factors
- hypertension
- yeast infections
- skin infections
- urinary tract infections
- fatigue
- blurred vision
- weight loss
Risk factors
- obesity
- genetic predisposition/family history
- African-American, Hispanic, American Indian, and Asian or Pacific Islander
- puberty
- female gender
- small for gestation age
- rapid growth in infancy
- diabetic in-utero environment
- bottle feeding
- high protein intake in infancy
- polycystic ovaries
- intramyocellular lipid content
- fat deposition in the liver
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- urine dipstick
- random plasma glucose
- fasting plasma glucose
- HbA1c
- autoantibodies to insulin, islet cell, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and zinc transporter 8
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Authors VIEW ALL
Pediatric Endocrinology Fellow
Department of Pediatrics
University of Florida
Gainesville
FL
Disclosures
PH declares that he has no competing interests.
Assistant Professor
Department of Pediatrics
University of Florida
Gainesville
FL
Disclosures
JM is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Dr Paul Hiers and Dr Jennifer Miller wish to gratefully acknowledge Dr Arlan Rosenbloom, a previous contributor to this topic.
Peer reviewers VIEW ALL
Professor
Diabetes and Metabolic Endocrinology
School of Clinical Sciences
University of Bristol
UK
Disclosures
In the past, JPHS received speaking honoraria from Sanofi-Aventis, Roche, Abbott, Novo-Nordisk, and Nutricia. None of these talks were directly pertinent to the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Professor of Pediatrics
University of California
Sacramento
CA
Disclosures
KN declares that she has no competing interests.
Professor of Pediatrics
Rumsey Chair of Pediatric Endocrinology
University of California
Sacramento
CA
Disclosures
DS declares that he has no competing interests.
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