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Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula

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Última revisão: 10 Dec 2025
Última atualização: 22 Nov 2024

Resumo

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • maternal history of polyhydramniosis
  • inability to swallow secretions
  • inability to pass a nasogastric tube
Detalhes completos

Outros fatores diagnósticos

  • labored respiration
  • coughing
  • choking
  • VACTERL association
  • cyanosis
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • trisomy 18 and 21
  • family history
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • prenatal ultrasound
  • prenatal MRI
  • x-ray chest and abdomen
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • bronchoscopy
  • esophagoscopy
  • barium swallow
  • transthoracic echocardiogram
Detalhes completos

Algoritmo de tratamento

AGUDA

type A

type B and D

type C

type E

Colaboradores

Autores

Alexander J. Bondoc, MD

Associate Professor

UC Department of Surgery

UC Department of Pediatrics

Cincinnati Children's Hospital

Cincinnati

OH

Declarações

AJB declares that he has no competing interests.

Aaron Garrison, MD

Associate Professor

UC Department of Surgery

Cincinnati Children's Hospital

Cincinnati

OH

Declarações

AG declares that he has no competing interests.

Daniel von Allmen, MD

Professor-Associate

University of Cincinnati

Department of Surgery

Cincinnati

OH

Declarações

DVA is an investor for GlobalCastMD.

Agradecimentos

Dr Alexander J. Bondoc would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Steven S. Rothenberg, a previous contributor to this topic.

Declarações

SSR declared that he had no competing interests.

Revisores

Michael D. Klein, MD, FACS, FAAP

Surgeon in Chief

Professor of Surgery

Department of Pediatric Surgery

Children's Hospital of Michigan

Wayne State University School of Medicine

Detroit

MI

Declarações

MDK declares that he has no competing interests.

Timothy D. Kane, MD

Clinical Director

Division Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery

Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC

Pittsburgh

PA

Declarações

TDK declares that he has no competing interests.

Lewis Spitz, MBChB, PhD, FRCS, MD, FRCPCH, FAAP, FCS

Emeritus Nuffield Professor of Paediatric Surgery

Institute of Child Health

University College

London

UK

Disclosures

LS declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

van Lennep M, Singendonk MMJ, Dall'Oglio L, et al. Oesophageal atresia. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019 Apr 18;5(1):26. Abstract

Slater BJ, Rothenberg SS. Tracheoesophageal fistula. Semin Pediatr Surg. 2016 Jun;25(3):176-8. Abstract

Krishnan U, Mousa H, Dall'Oglio L, et al. ESPGHAN-NASPGHAN guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of gastrointestinal and nutritional complications in children with esophageal atresia-tracheoesophageal fistula. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016 Nov;63(5):550-70. Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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