Summary
Definition
History and exam
Other diagnostic factors
- normal urine
- absence of recurrent vomiting
- absence of diarrhea
- normal temperature
- absence of abdominal distention
- normal tympanic membrane
- absence of signs of physical trauma
Risk factors
- infants <5 months of age
- food sensitivity
- exposure to cigarette smoke
- lack of breastfeeding
- parental psychosocial factors
- increased parental age
- high level of parental intelligence and education
Diagnostic investigations
Investigations to consider
- urinalysis
- urine culture
- plain radiograph of a suspected fractured area
- abdominal radiograph
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Authors VIEW ALL
Clinical Professor of Pediatrics
The University of Calgary
Calgary
Alberta
Canada
Disclosures
AKCL is an author of a number of references cited in this monograph.
Professor of Pediatrics
The University of Calgary
Calgary
Alberta
Canada
Disclosures
J-FL is an author of a reference cited in this monograph.
Peer reviewers VIEW ALL
Professor of Pediatrics
Wayne State University
Vice Chair of Education
Director
Institute of Medical Education
The Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics
Children's Hospital of Michigan
Detroit
MI
Disclosures
DK declares that he has no competing interests.
Professor of Pediatrics
The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Sha Tin
New Territories
Hong Kong SAR
The People's Republic of China
Disclosures
EH declares that he has no competing interests.
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