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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

ბოლო მიმოხილვა: 19 Aug 2025
ბოლო განახლება: 11 Dec 2024

შეჯამება

განსაზღვრება

ანამნეზი და გასინჯვა

ძირითადი დიაგნოსტიკური ფაქტორები

  • weight loss
  • failure to thrive
  • vomiting
  • hypotension
  • atypical genitalia
  • hyperpigmentation
სრული ტექსტი

სხვა დიაგნოსტიკური ფაქტორები

  • short stature
  • precocious puberty
  • irregular menses
  • infertility
  • male-pattern baldness (females)
  • polycystic ovaries
  • hirsutism
  • acne
სრული ტექსტი

რისკფაქტორები

  • genetic predisposition
სრული ტექსტი

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP)
  • adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test
  • serum cortisol
  • serum chemistry
  • genetic analysis
  • karyotype or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for X and Y chromosome detection
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • measurement of additional steroids
  • plasma renin activity/plasma renin measurement
  • pelvic and adrenal ultrasound
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

during surgery, febrile illness, or other stress

持续性治疗

classical CAH form

nonclassical form

撰稿人

作者

Maria Vogiatzi, MD

Professor of Pediatrics

Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes

Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

Philadelphia

PA

利益声明

MV is a consultant for Spruce Bioscience, Crinetics and Eton Pharmaceuticals and receives research support from Neurocrine Bioscience, Spruce Bioscience, Adrenas Therapeutics and Crinetics Pharmaceuticals lnc.

Marissa J Kilberg, MD, MSEd

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics

Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes

Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

Philadelphia

PA

利益声明

MK has received consulting fees from Verily, Inc. related to type 1 diabetes. MK receives salary and travel support from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation as part of the EnVisionIII cohort. MK participates in industry sponsored research but is not the direct recipient of these grants and receives no salary support or travel support from this.

鸣谢

The contributors would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Mabel Yau, Dr Ahmed Kattab, Dr Saroj Nimkarn, Dr Karen Lin-Su, Dr Oksana Lekarev, Dr Maria New, Dr Jessica Kaltman and Dr Adnan Qamar, previous contributors to this topic. MY, AK, SN, JK and AQ declare that they have no competing interests. KLS is medical director of the CARES Foundation and an author of several references cited in this topic. OL is on the Medical Advisory Board of the CARES Foundation. MN is an author of several references cited in this topic.

同行评议者

Richard Auchus, MD, PhD

Professor of Internal Medicine

Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes

University of Michigan

Ann Arbor

MI

利益声明

RA contributed to the Endocrine Society CPG on CAH and has been on the board of directors for the past 3 years. He has conducted CAH-related contracted clinical trials and has consulted for Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Millendo Therapeutics, Spruce Biosciences, Neurocrine Biosciences, and Diurnal Ltd.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

参考文献

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

关键文献

White PC, Speiser PW. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Endocr Rev. 2000 Jun;21(3):245-91.全文  摘要

Merke DP, Auchus RJ. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2020 Sep 24;383(13):1248-61. 摘要

Claahsen-van der Grinten HL, Speiser PW, Ahmed SF, et al. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia-current insights in pathophysiology, diagnostics, and management. Endocr Rev. 2022 Jan 12;43(1):91-159.全文  摘要

Speiser PW, Arlt W, Auchus RJ, et al. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Nov 1;103(11):4043-88.全文  摘要

参考文献

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia images
  • 鉴别诊断

    • X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC)
    • Genetic causes of primary adrenal insufficiency
    • Addison disease
    更多 鉴别诊断
  • 指南

    • Best practice guidelines for molecular genetic testing and reporting of 21-hydroxylase deficiency
    • Screening and management of the hyperandrogenic adolescent
    更多 指南
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