小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- presence of risk factors
其他诊断因素
- absence of metabolic disease
- absence of irritability, lethargy
- absence of fever, cough, or nasal congestion
- absence of trauma
危险因素
- side, prone, or inclined position at last sleep
- bed-sharing/co-sleeping
- soft sleeping surface/environment
- maternal cigarette smoking
- increasing number of smokers in house
- smoking in same room as child
- formula feeding
- non-use of a dummy
- premature birth
- maternal substance use/abuse
- single parent
- lower maternal age
- low level of antenatal care
- low level of maternal education
- low socio-economic status
- lack of immunisation
诊断性检查
需考虑的检查
- blood culture
- cerebrospinal fluid culture
- urine culture
- serum chemistry
- urine chemistry
- photographic record
- skeletal survey
- anatomical pathology
- vitreous chemistry
- muscle biopsy
治疗流程
carers and family
撰稿人
作者
Rachel Y. Moon, MD, FAAP
Professor of Pediatrics
University of Virginia School of Medicine
Charlottesville
VA
利益声明
RYM receives research grants from the National Institutes of Health and the American SIDS Institute on SIDS-related topics. RM is an unpaid board member of the International Society for the Prevention of Infant Death. RM lectures at various hospitals, public health departments, and universities about SIDS-related topics (usual honorarium $1000). RM has two published books about SIDS and receives royalties (<$200/year).
鸣谢
Dr Rachel Y. Moon would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr John W. Berkenbosch, a previous contributor to this topic.
利益声明
JWB declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Peter Fleming, MB ChB, PhD
Professor of Infant Health & Developmental Physiology
FSID Research Unit
Institute of Child Life and Health
St Michaels Hospital
Bristol
UK
利益声明
PF is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Thomas Hegyi, MD
Professor and Vice-Chair
Department of Pediatrics
UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick
NJ
利益声明
TH declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
参考文献
关键文献
Moon RY, Carlin RF, Hand I, et al. Sleep-related infant deaths: updated 2022 recommendations for reducing infant deaths in the sleep environment. Pediatrics. 2022 Jul 1;150(1):e2022057990.全文 摘要
Moon RY, Carlin RF, Hand I, et al. Evidence base for 2022 updated recommendations for a safe infant sleeping environment to reduce the risk of sleep-related infant deaths. Pediatrics. 2022 Jul 1;150(1):e202205799.全文 摘要
The Lullaby Trust. Evidence base. Mar 2019 [internet publication].全文
Rosen R, Vandenplas Y, Singendonk M, et al. Pediatric gastroesophageal reflux clinical practice guidelines: joint recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018 Mar;66(3):516-54.全文 摘要
UNICEF UK. The Baby Friendly Initiative. 全文
Ostfeld BM, Esposito L, Perl H, et al. Concurrent risks in sudden infant death syndrome. Pediatrics. 2010;125:447-453. 摘要
Palusci VJ, Council on Child Abuse and Neglect, Kay AJ, et al. Identifying Child Abuse Fatalities During Infancy. Pediatrics. 2019 Sep;144(3):.全文 摘要
参考文献
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
鉴别诊断
- Accidental suffocation or asphyxia
- Non-accidental trauma or abusive injury, including Munchausen's syndrome by proxy
- Respiratory syncytial virus
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- Sleep-related infant deaths: updated 2022 recommendations for reducing infant deaths in the sleep environment
- Evidence base for 2022 updated recommendations for a safe infant sleeping environment to reduce the risk of sleep-related infant deaths
更多 指南患者教育信息
Sudden infant death syndrome: how can I reduce the risk?
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