Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- family history
- epilepsy
- cardiac rhabdomyoma (single or multiple)
- renal angiomyolipomas
- lymphangioleiomyomatosis of the lung
- cerebral subependymal calcified nodules
- multiple cortical tubers and/or radial migration lines
- giant cell astrocytoma
- facial angiofibromas
- cephalic plaque(s)
- nontraumatic ungual or periungual fibromas
- hypomelanotic macules
- shagreen patch(es) (connective tissue nevus)
- retinal nodular hamartoma(s)
- polycystic kidney disease
Other diagnostic factors
- numerous dental enamel pits and intraoral fibromas
- autism
- cognitive impairment
- behavioral problems
- multiple hamartomatous colonic polyps
Risk factors
- genetic predisposition
Diagnostic tests
Tests to consider
- genetic testing
- brain MRI
- neurodevelopmental assessment
- electroencephalogram (EEG)
- ECG
- echocardiography
- abdominal MRI
- glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
- blood pressure
- high-resolution chest CT
- pulmonary function tests and 6-minute walk test
- skeletal x-ray
- colonoscopy
- renal biopsy
Treatment algorithm
renal cell carcinoma (suspected or confirmed)
intracranial aneurysm
neurologic
skin lesions
renal
cardiovascular
pulmonary
cognitive and behavioral
Contributors
Authors
Francis J. DiMario Jr, MD, MA, FAAP
Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology
University of Connecticut School of Medicine
Associate Chair for Academic Affairs and Faculty Development
Department of Pediatrics
Academic Chief Emeritus
Division of Pediatric Neurology
Connecticut Children's Medical Center
Hartford
CT
Disclosures
FJD is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Peer reviewers
Robert Robinson, MBBS, MA, MRCP, PhD
Consultant Paediatric Neurologist
Great Ormond Street Hospital
London
UK
Declarações
RR declares that he has no competing interests.
David Neal Franz, MD
Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology
Director
Tuberous Sclerosis Clinic
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati
OH
Declarações
DNF declares that he has no competing interests.
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Referências
Principais artigos
Northrup H, Aronow ME, Bebin EM, et al. Updated international tuberous sclerosis complex diagnostic criteria and surveillance and management recommendations. Pediatr Neurol. 2021 Oct;123:50-66.Texto completo Resumo
Caban C, Khan N, Hasbani DM, et al. Genetics of tuberous sclerosis complex: implications for clinical practice. Appl Clin Genet. 2016 Dec 21;10:1-8.Texto completo Resumo
Amin S, Kingswood JC, Bolton PF, et al. The UK guidelines for management and surveillance of tuberous sclerosis complex. QJM. 2019 Mar 1;112(3):171-82.Texto completo Resumo
de Vries PJ, Whittemore VH, Leclezio L, et al. Tuberous sclerosis associated neuropsychiatric disorders (TAND) and the TAND Checklist. Pediatr Neurol. 2015 Jan;52(1):25-35.Texto completo Resumo
Li M, Zhou Y, Chen C, et al. Efficacy and safety of mTOR inhibitors (rapamycin and its analogues) for tuberous sclerosis complex: a meta-analysis. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2019 Feb 13;14(1):39.Texto completo Resumo
Artigos de referência
Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
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