Melasma

A harmless pigmentary disorder, seen primarily on the malar region of women with darker skin.

Etiologic factors include hormonal and ultraviolet light exposure.

Treatment is with topical retinoids, bleaching agents, chemical peels, and laser or light therapy.

Sun protection is important for maintaining the effects of treatment.

Melasma is an acquired pigmentary disorder of sun-exposed areas.[1]Ball Arefiev KL, Hantash BM. Advances in the treatment of melasma: a review of the recent literature. Dermatol Surg. 2012 Jul;38(7 Pt 1):971-84. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22583339?tool=bestpractice.com Characteristically, patients have muddy brown macules on the skin, predominantly in the malar and central facial areas; however, it can also affect areas such as the forearms and neck. This is due to an increase in melanocyte activity and melanin deposition in the skin. Sunlight and hormonal influence are important factors in disease etiology.[2]Victor FC, Gelber J, Rao B. Melasma: a review. J Cutan Med Surg. 2004 Mar-Apr;8(2):97-102. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15685388?tool=bestpractice.com