Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- presence of risk factors
- homogeneous white plaques
- other causes for white lesions excluded
- non-homogeneous appearance
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- male sex
- age >40 years
Factores de riesgo
- tobacco use
- alcohol use
- areca nut (betel quid) use
- chronic candidiasis
- genetic predisposition
- immunosuppression
- Fanconi's anaemia
- sunlight exposure
- HPV infection
- Treponema pallidum infection (syphilis)
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- incisional biopsy
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- brush biopsy
- autoantibodies for anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), double-stranded DNA, and Smith antigen
- Treponema pallidum serology
Pruebas emergentes
- chemiluminescent spectroscopy
- molecular and chromosomal markers
- photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA-PDD)
- vital staining with toluidine blue
Algoritmo de tratamiento
all patients
Colaboradores
Autores
Saman Warnakulasuriya, DSc, BDS, PhD
Emeritus Professor
Dental Institute at Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Hospitals
Department of Oral Medicine
King's College London
London
UK
Divulgaciones
SW is an author of several references cited in this topic.
Agradecimientos
Professor Saman Warnakulasuriya would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr James Sciubba and the late Professor Crispian Scully for their contributions to this topic.
Divulgaciones
JS is an author of some references cited in this topic.
Revisores por pares
Finn Praetorius, DDS
Oral Pathologist
Department of Oral Pathology
School of Dentistry
University of Copenhagen
Copenhagen
Denmark
Divulgaciones
FP declares that he has no competing interests.
Isaac Van der Waal, DDS, PhD
Professor and Head
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology
Vrije Universiteit Medical Center
Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Divulgaciones
IVdW declares that he has no competing interests.
Michaell Huber, DDS
Associate Professor
Head
Division of Oral Medicine
Department of Dental Diagnostic Science
Dental School
University of Texas Health Science Center
San Antonio
TX
Divulgaciones
MH declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
Referencias
Artículos principales
Lingen MW, Abt E, Agrawal N, et al. Evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the evaluation of potentially malignant disorders in the oral cavity: a report of the American Dental Association. J Am Dent Assoc. 2017 Oct;148(10):712-27;e10.Texto completo Resumen
Lodi G, Franchini R, Warnakulasuriya S, et al. Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Jul 29;(7):CD001829.Texto completo Resumen
Artículos de referencia
Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
Diferenciales
- Oral squamous cell carcinoma
- Chronic candidiasis
- Submucosal fibrosis
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