Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- presence of risk factors
- fever
- vesicular rash
- vesicles on mucous membranes
Other diagnostic factors
- pruritus
- headache
- fatigue/malaise
- sore throat
- tachycardia
Risk factors
- exposure to varicella
- age 1 to 9 years
- unimmunised status
- occupational exposure
Diagnostic investigations
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- clinical diagnosis
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- polymerase chain reaction
- viral culture
- direct fluorescent antibody testing (DFA)
- Tzanck smear
- latex agglutination (LA)
- enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
- complement fixation
- ultrasound (pregnant women)
Algoritmo de tratamiento
otherwise healthy children at low risk of severe disease
increased risk of moderate to severe disease
high risk of severe disease
severe disease
Colaboradores
Autores
Andrew Riordan, MD, FRCPCH, MRCP, DTM&H
Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology
Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital (Alder Hey)
Liverpool
UK
Divulgaciones
AR declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimientos
Dr Andrew Riordan would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Steven Pergam, Dr Rupali Jain, and Dr Anna Wald, previous contributors to this topic.
Divulgaciones
SP has served as a consultant for Merck & Co., Inc, Optimer/Cubist, and Chimerix, and has participated in clinical trials with these three organizations. He is also an author of a paper cited in this topic. RJ declares that she has no competing interests. AW is a member of the Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) for a Merck study of a candidate VZV vaccine.
Revisores por pares
Chad M. Hivnor, Major, USAF, MC, FS
Chief
Outpatient & Pediatric Dermatology
59th Medical Wing/ SGOMD
Lackland Air Force Base
San Antonio
TX
გაფრთხილება:
CMH declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
წყაროები
ძირითადი სტატიები
UK Health Security Agency. The Green Book: Varicella. Jun 2019 [internet publication].სრული ტექსტი
Marin M, Güris D, Chaves SS, et al; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention of varicella: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2007 Jun 22;56(RR-4):1-40.სრული ტექსტი აბსტრაქტი
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Chickenpox in pregnancy (Green-top guideline no. 13). January 2015 [internet publication].სრული ტექსტი
American Academy of Pediatrics. Varicella-zoster virus infections. In: Kimberlin DW, ed. Red book 2021- 2024: report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 32nd ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2021; 831-43.სრული ტექსტი
Pergam SA, Limaye AP, AST Infectious Diseases Community of Practice. Varicella zoster virus in solid organ transplantation: guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice. Clin Transplant. 2019 Sep;33(9):e13622. აბსტრაქტი
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chickenpox (varicella). For healthcare professionals. Oct 2022 [internet publication].სრული ტექსტი
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated recommendations for use of VariZIG - United States, 2013. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013 Jul 19;62(28):574-6.სრული ტექსტი აბსტრაქტი
გამოყენებული სტატიები
ამ თემაში მოხსენიებული წყაროების სრული სია ხელმისაწვდომია მომხმარებლებისთვის, რომლებსაც აქვთ წვდომა BMJ Best Practice-ის ყველა ნაწილზე.
დიფერენციული დიაგნოზები
- Smallpox
- Herpes zoster infection (shingles)
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection
მეტი დიფერენციული დიაგნოზებიგაიდლაინები
- Recommended child and adolescent immunization schedules for ages 18 years or younger, United States, 2024
- Varicella (chickenpox)
მეტი გაიდლაინებიპაციენტის ბროშურები
Chickenpox
Chickenpox vaccine
მეტი პაციენტის ბროშურებიშედით სისტემაში ან გამოიწერეთ BMJ Best Practice
ამ მასალის გამოყენება ექვემდებარება ჩვენს განცხადებას