Summary
Differentials
Common
- Patellofemoral joint injuries
- Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury
- Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury and associated valgus instability
- Posterolateral knee injury and associated varus instability
- Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury
- Meniscal tear
- Open fracture
- Referred pain to knee
Uncommon
- Patella fracture
- Femoral condyle fracture
- Tibial plateau fracture
- Dislocation
- Infection
Contributors
Authors

Complex Knee & Sports Medicine Surgery
Twin Cities Orthopaedics
4010 West 65th Street
Edina
MN
Disclosures
RFL is a consultant for and receives royalties from Arthrex, Ossur, and Smith & Nephew. RFL is on the Editorial Board for AJSM, JEO and KSSTA. RFL is an author of several references cited in this topic.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery
St. Cloud Orthopedic Associates
St. Cloud
Minnesota
MN
Disclosures
CJG is a member of the board for the Minnesota Orthopedic Society.
Peer reviewers
President and Chief Executive Officer
American Board of Family Medicine
Lexington
KY
Disclosures
JP declares that he has no competing interests.
Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine
UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
Piscataway
NJ
Disclosures
PC declares that he has no competing interests.
Orthopedic Surgeon
Director
Department of Orthopedic Surgery
Seoul Veterans Hospital
Seoul
South Korea
Disclosures
JRY declares that she has no competing interests.
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