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Febrile seizure

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  • Overview
  • Theory
  • Diagnosis
  • Management
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Last reviewed: 18 Jan 2026
Last updated: 10 Dec 2024

Summary

Определение

Анамнез и осмотр

Ключевые диагностические факторы

  • febrile illness
  • seizure
Полная информация

Другие диагностические факторы

  • normal postictal exam
Полная информация

Факторы риска

  • temperature elevation
  • young age
  • male sex
  • family history of febrile seizures
  • viral or bacterial infection outside the central nervous system
  • vaccinations
  • prenatal exposure to nicotine
  • iron deficiency
  • complications of pregnancy, labor, and delivery
Полная информация

Диагностические исследования

Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь

  • diagnosis is clinical
Полная информация

Tests to avoid

  • head CT
Полная информация

Исследования, проведение которых нужно рассмотреть

  • lumbar puncture
  • viral studies
  • blood culture
  • EEG
  • brain MRI
  • serum sodium
  • CBC
  • capillary blood glucose
  • serum glucose
  • iron studies
Полная информация

Алгоритм лечения

Начальные

febrile status epilepticus

Острый

first simple febrile seizure

first complex seizure

ПРОДОЛЖЕНИЕ

febrile illness with prior history of simple seizure or 1 complex seizure

history of 2 or more complex febrile seizures with ineffective diazepam treatment

Составители

Авторы

Damian Roland, BMedSci, MBBS, FRCPCH, PhD

Honorary Professor and Consultant in Paediatric Emergency Medicine

Paediatric Emergency Medicine Leicester Academic (PEMLA) Group

Children’s Emergency Department

Leicester Royal Infirmary

Leicester

UK

Раскрытие информации

DR declares that he is a previous member of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Feverish Illness in Children Guideline Group.

Выражение благодарностей

Prof Damian Roland would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Leena Mewasingh, Dr Frances Morrison, Dr John J. Millichap and Dr J. Gordon Millichap, previous contributors to this topic. LM has received funding from drug companies (e.g., Eisai) to attend medical conferences and been invited to an educational symposium (Novartis, LivaNova). FM declares that she has no competing interests. JJM serves as an Associate Editor of Neurology and serves on the editorial board of Pediatric Neurology Briefs; volunteers on the medical advisory board of The Jack Pribaz Foundation (KCNQ2.org); received speaker honoraria from Invitae; received royalties for online monographs from Up-To-Date; served on the scientific advisory board for Mallinckrodt; is principal investigator for a clinical trial funded by UCB Pharma; and is the principal investigator for research grants from Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy and the Thrasher Research Fund. JJM is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. JGM is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Рецензенты

Robert S. Rust, Jr., MA, MD

Professor

Department of Neurology

University of Virginia Health System

Charlottesville

VA

Раскрытие информации

RSR declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Список литературы

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Основные статьи

American Academy of Pediatrics: Subcommittee on Febrile Seizures. Clinical practice guideline: neurodiagnostic evaluation of the child with a simple febrile seizure. Pediatrics. 2011 Feb;127(2):389-94.Полный текст  Аннотация

American Academy of Pediatrics. Febrile seizures: clinical practice guideline for the long-term management of the child with simple febrile seizures. Pediatrics. 2008 Jun;121(6):1281-6.Полный текст  Аннотация

Millichap JG, Millichap JJ. Role of viral infections in the etiology of febrile seizures. Pediatr Neurol. 2006 Sep;35(3):165-72. Аннотация

Fetveit A. Assessment of febrile seizures in children. Eur J Pediatr. 2008 Jan;167(1):17-27. Аннотация

Graves RC, Oehler K, Tingle LE. Febrile seizures: risks, evaluation, and prognosis. Am Fam Physician. 2012 Jan 15;85(2):149-53.Полный текст  Аннотация

Capovilla G, Mastrangelo M, Romeo A, et al. Recommendations for the management of "febrile seizures": Ad Hoc Task Force of LICE Guidelines Commission. Epilepsia. 2009 Jan; 50(1 suppl):S2-6.Полный текст  Аннотация

Natsume J, Hamano SI, Iyoda K, et al. New guidelines for management of febrile seizures in Japan. Brain Dev. 2017 Jan;39(1):2-9. Аннотация

Nordli DR Jr. Idiopathic generalized epilepsies recognized by the International League Against Epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2005 Nov 18;46(9 suppl):48-56.Полный текст  Аннотация

Wilmshurst JM, Gaillard WD, Vinayan KP, et al. Summary of recommendations for the management of infantile seizures: task force report for the ILAE Commission of Pediatrics. Epilepsia. 2015 Aug;56(8):1185-97.Полный текст  Аннотация

Dunlop S, Taitz J. Retrospective review of the management of simple febrile convulsions at a tertiary paediatric institution. J Paediatr Child Health. 2005 Dec;41(12):647-51. Аннотация

Kimia AA, Bachur RG, Torres A, et al. Febrile seizures: emergency medicine perspective. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2015 Jun;27(3):292-7. Аннотация

Rosenbloom E, Finkelstein Y, Adams-Webber T, et al. Do antipyretics prevent the recurrence of febrile seizures in children? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2013 Nov;17(6):585-8. Аннотация

Offringa M, Newton R, Nevitt SJ, et al. Prophylactic drug management for febrile seizures in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Jun 16;(6):CD003031.Полный текст  Аннотация

Baumann RJ, Duffner PK; American Academy of Pediatrics. Treatment of children with simple febrile seizures: the AAP practice parameter. Pediatr Neurol. 2000 Jul;23(1):11-7. Аннотация

Whelan H, Harmelink M, Chou E, et al. Complex febrile seizures: a systematic review. Dis Mon. 2017 Jan;63(1):5-23.Полный текст  Аннотация

Shinnar S, Glauser TA. Febrile seizures. J Child Neurol. 2002 Jan;17(1 suppl):S44-52. Аннотация

Camfield P, Camfield C. Febrile seizures and genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+). Epileptic Disord. 2015 Jun;17(2):124-33. Аннотация

Статьи, указанные как источники

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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