Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- sudden-onset blurring or distortion of vision
- drusen
- macular pigmentary changes
- geographic atrophy
- choroidal neovascularization
Other diagnostic factors
- pigment epithelial detachment (exudative AMD)
- progressive loss of vision in 1 or both eyes
- fibrovascular scar formation
- pseudodrusen
Diagnostic investigations
Investigations to consider
- fluorescein angiography
- indocyanine green (ICG) angiography
- autofluorescent imaging
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Authors
Consultant Ophthalmologist
Manchester Royal Eye Hospital
Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Professor of Ophthalmology & Matrix Biology
Centre for Hearing and Vision Research
University of Manchester
UK
Disclosures
PB has undertaken research activities and received research grants (from charities and the Medical Research Council) that relate to basic mechanisms underpinning age-related macular degeneration. He is an inventor on a patent for a new treatment for age-related macular degeneration filed by the University of Manchester. He does not believe that any of these activities are competing interests with respect to the content of the monograph.
Dr Paul Bishop would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Leon Charkoudian and Dr Joshua L. Dunaief, the previous contributors to this monograph. LC and JLD declare that they have no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Associate Professor
Vitreoretinal Surgery
Duke University Eye Center
Durham
NC
Disclosures
SF declares that she has no competing interests.
Professor of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences
Centre for Vision Science
Queen's University Belfast
Belfast
UK
Disclosures
UC declares that she has no competing interests.
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