Evaluation of acute abdomen

Last reviewed: 2 Oct 2024
Last updated: 27 Sep 2024

Summary

Differentials

Common

  • Adhesions
  • Incarcerated/strangulated hernia
  • Cholecystitis
  • Perforated gastric ulcer
  • Appendicitis
  • Ectopic pregnancy
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Acute diverticulitis
  • Ulcerative colitis
  • Crohn disease
  • Cholelithiasis
  • Gastrointestinal malignancy
  • Mallory-Weiss tear
  • Diabetic ketoacidosis
  • Opioid withdrawal
  • Gastroenteritis
  • Infectious colitis
  • Sickle cell crisis
  • Endometriosis
  • Testicular torsion
  • Kidney stones
  • Pyelonephritis
Full details

Uncommon

  • Volvulus
  • Retroperitoneal hemorrhage
  • Viral Hepatitis
  • Intussusception
  • Perforated duodenal ulcer
  • Ruptured ovarian cyst
  • Ovarian torsion
  • Abdominal aortic dissection
  • Ruptured aortic aneurysm
  • Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) and infarction
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Meckel diverticulitis
  • Hepatic abscess
  • Psoas abscess
  • Tuberculosis
  • Esophageal perforation (Boerhaave syndrome)
  • Fitz-Hugh Curtis syndrome
  • Ischemic colitis
  • Ruptured splenic artery aneurysm
  • Budd-Chiari syndrome
  • Splenic infarct
  • Abdominal wall hematoma
  • Uremia
  • Addisonian crisis
  • Hypercalcemia
  • Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP)
  • Familial Mediterranean fever
  • Typhlitis (neutropenic enterocolitis)
  • Radiation enteritis
  • Heavy metal poisoning
  • Spider bite
Full details

Contributors

Authors

Charles A. Leath III, MD, MSPH, FACS

Professor, Ellen Gregg Shook Culverhouse Chair in Gynecologic Oncology

Division of Gynecologic Oncology

The University of Alabama

Birmingham

AL

Disclosures

CAL has received grant funding from the NIH, served on Data Safety Monitoring Boards for Celsion/Imunon and Parexel; performed contracted research for AbbVie, Agenus, Alkermes, AstraZeneca, Celsion/Imunon, Correct Therapeutics, GSK, Immunogen, Merck and Rubius; and has served as a consultant for GSK, Immunogen, Merck, the GOG-Foundation, Natera, and Seattle Genetics.

Neil T. Phippen, MD

Assistant professor

Gynecologic Oncology

Walter Reed National Military Medical Center

Bethesda

MD

Disclosures

NTP declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Charles A. Leath III and Dr Neil T. Phippen would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr William J. Lowery, Dr Aaron W. Campbell, and Dr Jin H. Ra, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

WJL has participated in a speakers' bureau for AstraZeneca to discuss Lynparza for ovarian cancer. AWC and JHR declare that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

William Winter, MD

Staff

Gynecologic Oncologist

Northwest Cancer Specialists

Rose Quarter Cancer Center

Portland

OR

Disclosures

WW declares that he has no competing interests.

Michael West, MD, PhD

Professor and Vice Chair

UCSF Department of Surgery

Chief of Surgery

San Francisco General Hospital

San Francisco

CA

Disclosures

None declared.

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