Evaluation of upper gastrointestinal bleed

Last reviewed: 12 Nov 2024
Last updated: 17 Jul 2024

Summary

Differentials

Common

  • Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
  • Esophageal varices
  • Esophagitis
  • Mallory-Weiss tear
Full details

Uncommon

  • Boerhaave syndrome (spontaneous esophageal perforation)
  • Gastric varices
  • Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs)
  • Dieulafoy lesions
  • Upper GI tumors
  • Aortoenteric fistulae (AEF)
  • Coagulopathy
Full details

Contributors

Authors

Douglas G. Adler, MD, FACG, AGAF, FASGE

Professor of Medicine

Director, Center for Advanced Therapeutic Endoscopy (CATE)

Porter Adventist Hospital

Centura Health

Denver

CO

Disclosures

DGA declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Douglas G. Adler would like to gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Dr Patrick D. Martin.

Disclosures

PDM declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Ned Snyder, MD, FACP

Professor of Medicine

Chief of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

University of Texas Medical Branch

Galveston

TX

Disclosures

NS declares that he has no competing interests.

David J. Hackam, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Pediatric Surgery

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Pittsburgh

PA

Disclosures

DJH declares that he has no competing interests.

Giuseppe Malizia, MD

Consultant Gastroenterologist

Divisione di Gastroenterologia

Ospedale V. Cervello

Palermo

Italy

Disclosures

GM declares that he has no competing interests.

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