Long COVID

References

Key articles

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing the long-term effects of COVID-19. January 2024 [internet publication].Full text

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Post-COVID conditions: information for healthcare providers. September 2023 [internet publication].Full text

Yelin D, Moschopoulos CD, Margalit I, et al. ESCMID rapid guidelines for assessment and management of long COVID. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2022 Jul;28(7):955-72.Full text  Abstract

US Department of Veterans Affairs. Whole health system approach to long COVID. August 2022 [internet publication].Full text

Reference articles

1. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing the long-term effects of COVID-19. January 2024 [internet publication].Full text

2. World Health Organization. A clinical case definition of post COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus. October 2021 [internet publication].Full text

3. World Health Organization. Clinical management of COVID-19: living guideline​. August 2023 [internet publication].Full text

4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Post-COVID conditions: information for healthcare providers. September 2023 [internet publication].Full text

5. Del Rio C, Malani PN. COVID-19-New Insights on a Rapidly Changing Epidemic. JAMA. 2020 Apr 14;323(14):1339-40.Full text  Abstract

6. Greenhalgh T, Knight M, A'Court C, et al. Management of post-acute covid-19 in primary care. BMJ. 2020 Aug 11;370:m3026.Full text  Abstract

7. Rubin R. As their numbers grow, COVID-19 "long haulers" stump experts. JAMA. 2020 Oct 13;324(14):1381-3.Full text  Abstract

8. Thaweethai T, Jolley SE, Karlson EW, et al. Development of a definition of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. JAMA. 2023 Jun 13;329(22):1934-46.Full text  Abstract

9. Zhang H, Zang C, Xu Z, et al. Data-driven identification of post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection subphenotypes. Nat Med. 2023 Jan;29(1):226-35.Full text  Abstract

10. Global Burden of Disease Long COVID Collaborators, Wulf Hanson S, Abbafati C, et al. Estimated global proportions of individuals with persistent fatigue, cognitive, and respiratory symptom clusters following symptomatic COVID-19 in 2020 and 2021. JAMA. 2022 Oct 25;328(16):1604-15.Full text  Abstract

11. Pfaff ER, Girvin AT, Bennett TD, et al. Identifying who has long COVID in the USA: a machine learning approach using N3C data. Lancet Digit Health. 2022 Jul;4(7):e532-e541.Full text  Abstract

12. Estiri H, Strasser ZH, Brat GA, et al. Evolving phenotypes of non-hospitalized patients that indicate long covid. medRxiv. 2021 Jul 10:2021.04.25.21255923.Full text  Abstract

13. Davis HE, Assaf GS, McCorkell L, et al. Characterizing long COVID in an international cohort: 7 months of symptoms and their impact. EClinicalMedicine. 2021 Aug;38:101019.Full text  Abstract

14. Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Palacios-Ceña D, Gómez-Mayordomo V, et al. Prevalence of post-COVID-19 symptoms in hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Intern Med. 2021 Oct;92:55-70.Full text  Abstract

15. Groff D, Sun A, Ssentongo AE, et al. Short-term and long-term rates of postacute Ssequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Oct 1;4(10):e2128568.Full text  Abstract

16. Sudre CH, Murray B, Varsavsky T, et al. Attributes and predictors of long COVID. Nat Med. 2021 Apr;27(4):626-31.Full text  Abstract

17. Office for National Statistics. Technical article: updated estimates of the prevalence of post-acute symptoms among people with coronavirus (COVID-19) in the UK: 26 April 2020 to 1 August 2021. September 2021 [internet publication].Full text

18. Ballering AV, van Zon SKR, Olde Hartman TC, et al. Persistence of somatic symptoms after COVID-19 in the Netherlands: an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2022 Aug 6;400(10350):452-61.Full text  Abstract

19. Wu X, Liu X, Zhou Y, et al. 3-month, 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month respiratory outcomes in patients following COVID-19-related hospitalisation: a prospective study. Lancet Respir Med. 2021 Jul;9(7):747-54.Full text  Abstract

20. Huang L, Yao Q, Gu X, et al. 1-year outcomes in hospital survivors with COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study. Lancet. 2021 Aug 28;398(10302):747-58.Full text  Abstract

21. Huang L, Li X, Gu X, et al. Health outcomes in people 2 years after surviving hospitalisation with COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study. Lancet Respir Med. 2022 Sep;10(9):863-76.Full text  Abstract

22. Subramanian A, Nirantharakumar K, Hughes S, et al. Symptoms and risk factors for long COVID in non-hospitalized adults. Nat Med. 2022 Aug;28(8):1706-14.Full text  Abstract

23. Augustin M, Schommers P, Stecher M, et al. Post-COVID syndrome in non-hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a longitudinal prospective cohort study. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2021 Jul;6:100122.Full text  Abstract

24. Havervall S, Rosell A, Phillipson M, et al. Symptoms and functional impairment assessed 8 months after mild COVID-19 among health care workers. JAMA. 2021 May 18;325(19):2015-6.Full text  Abstract

25. Stavem K, Ghanima W, Olsen MK, et al. Persistent symptoms 1.5-6 months after COVID-19 in non-hospitalised subjects: a population-based cohort study. Thorax. 2021 Apr;76(4):405-7.Full text  Abstract

26. Ma Y, Deng J, Liu Q, et al. Long-term consequences of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 16;20(2):1613.Full text  Abstract

27. Lopez-Leon S, Wegman-Ostrosky T, Ayuzo Del Valle NC, et al. Long-COVID in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 23;12(1):9950.Full text  Abstract

28. Pellegrino R, Chiappini E, Licari A, et al. Prevalence and clinical presentation of long COVID in children: a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr. 2022 Dec;181(12):3995-4009.Full text  Abstract

29. Notarte KI, Catahay JA, Velasco JV, et al. Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on the risk of developing long-COVID and on existing long-COVID symptoms: a systematic review. EClinicalMedicine. 2022 Nov;53:101624.Full text  Abstract

30. Antonelli M, Pujol JC, Spector TD, et al. Risk of long COVID associated with delta versus omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2. Lancet. 2022 Jun 18;399(10343):2263-4.Full text  Abstract

31. Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Notarte KI, Peligro PJ, et al. Long-COVID symptoms in individuals infected with different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern: a systematic review of the literature. Viruses. 2022 Nov 25;14(12):2629.Full text  Abstract

32. Davis HE, McCorkell L, Vogel JM, et al. Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2023 Mar;21(3):133-46.Full text  Abstract

33. Tenforde MW, Kim SS, Lindsell CJ, et al. Symptom duration and risk factors for delayed return to usual health among outpatients with COVID-19 in a multistate health care systems network - United States, March-June 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Jul 31;69(30):993-8.Full text  Abstract

34. Aiyegbusi OL, Hughes SE, Turner G, et al. Symptoms, complications and management of long COVID: a review. J R Soc Med. 2021 Sep;114(9):428-42.Full text  Abstract

35. Antonelli M, Penfold RS, Merino J, et al. Risk factors and disease profile of post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection in UK users of the COVID Symptom Study app: a prospective, community-based, nested, case-control study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022 Jan;22(1):43-55.Full text  Abstract

36. Crook H, Raza S, Nowell J, et al. Long covid-mechanisms, risk factors, and management. BMJ. 2021 Jul 26;374:n1648. Abstract

37. Kamal M, Abo Omirah M, Hussein A, et al. Assessment and characterisation of post-COVID-19 manifestations. Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Mar;75(3):e13746. Abstract

38. Sneller MC, Liang CJ, Marques AR, et al. A longitudinal study of COVID-19 sequelae and immunity: baseline findings. Ann Intern Med. 2022 Jul;175(7):969-79.Full text  Abstract

39. Herman E, Shih E, Cheng A. Long COVID: rapid evidence review. Am Fam Physician. 2022 Nov;106(5):523-32. Abstract

40. Azzolini E, Levi R, Sarti R, et al. Association between BNT162b2 vaccination and long COVID after infections not requiring hospitalization in health care workers. JAMA. 2022 Aug 16;328(7):676-8.Full text  Abstract

41. Wang S, Quan L, Chavarro JE, et al. Associations of depression, anxiety, worry, perceived stress, and loneliness prior to infection with risk of post-COVID-19 conditions. JAMA Psychiatry. 2022 Nov 1;79(11):1081-91.Full text  Abstract

42. Tsampasian V, Elghazaly H, Chattopadhyay R, et al. Risk factors associated with post-COVID-19 condition: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2023 Jun 1;183(6):566-80.Full text  Abstract

43. Maglietta G, Diodati F, Puntoni M, et al. Prognostic factors for post-COVID-19 syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Med. 2022 Mar 11;11(6):1541.Full text  Abstract

44. Xie Y, Choi T, Al-Aly Z. Long-term outcomes following hospital admission for COVID-19 versus seasonal influenza: a cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2023 Dec 14:S1473-3099(23)00684-9.Full text  Abstract

45. Klein J, Wood J, Jaycox JR, et al. Distinguishing features of long COVID identified through immune profiling. Nature. 2023 Nov;623(7985):139-48.Full text  Abstract

46. Glynne P, Tahmasebi N, Gant V, et al. Long COVID following mild SARS-CoV-2 infection: characteristic T cell alterations and response to antihistamines. J Investig Med. 2022 Jan;70(1):61-7.Full text  Abstract

47. Phetsouphanh C, Darley DR, Wilson DB, et al. Immunological dysfunction persists for 8 months following initial mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Immunol. 2022 Feb;23(2):210-6.Full text  Abstract

48. Schultheiß C, Willscher E, Paschold L, et al. The IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF cytokine triad is associated with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. Cell Rep Med. 2022 Jun 21;3(6):100663.Full text  Abstract

49. Peluso MJ, Lu S, Tang AF, et al. Markers of immune activation and inflammation in individuals with postacute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. J Infect Dis. 2021 Dec 1;224(11):1839-48.Full text  Abstract

50. Wallukat G, Hohberger B, Wenzel K, et al. Functional autoantibodies against G-protein coupled receptors in patients with persistent Long-COVID-19 symptoms. J Transl Autoimmun. 2021;4:100100.Full text  Abstract

51. Arthur JM, Forrest JC, Boehme KW, et al. Development of ACE2 autoantibodies after SARS-CoV-2 infection. PLoS One. 2021 Sep 3;16(9):e0257016.Full text  Abstract

52. Su Y, Yuan D, Chen DG, et al. Multiple early factors anticipate post-acute COVID-19 sequelae. Cell. 2022 Mar 3;185(5):881-95.e20.Full text  Abstract

53. Wong AC, Devason AS, Umana IC, et al. Serotonin reduction in post-acute sequelae of viral infection. Cell. 2023 Oct 26;186(22):4851-67.e20.Full text  Abstract

54. Siripanthong B, Asatryan B, Hanff TC, et al. The pathogenesis and long-term consequences of COVID-19 cardiac injury. JACC Basic Transl Sci. 2022 Mar;7(3):294-308.Full text  Abstract

55. Peluso MJ, Deeks SG. Early clues regarding the pathogenesis of long-COVID. Trends Immunol. 2022 Apr;43(4):268-70.Full text  Abstract

56. Fogarty H, Townsend L, Morrin H, et al. Persistent endotheliopathy in the pathogenesis of long COVID syndrome. J Thromb Haemost. 2021 Oct;19(10):2546-53.Full text  Abstract

57. Clark IA. Chronic cerebral aspects of long COVID, post-stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic. Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2022 Apr;10(2):e00926.Full text  Abstract

58. Thompson RC, Simons NW, Wilkins L, et al. Molecular states during acute COVID-19 reveal distinct etiologies of long-term sequelae. Nat Med. 2023 Jan;29(1):236-46.Full text  Abstract

59. Pretorius E, Vlok M, Venter C, et al. Persistent clotting protein pathology in long COVID/post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is accompanied by increased levels of antiplasmin. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2021 Aug 23;20(1):172.Full text  Abstract

60. Liptak P, Baranovicova E, Rosolanka R, et al. Persistence of metabolomic changes in patients during post-COVID phase: a prospective, observational study. Metabolites. 2022 Jul 13;12(7):641.Full text  Abstract

61. Goh D, Lim JCT, Fernaíndez SB, et al. Case report: Persistence of residual antigen and RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in tissues of two patients with long COVID. Front Immunol. 2022 Sep 5:13:939989.Full text  Abstract

62. Xie Y, Choi T, Al-Aly Z. Nirmatrelvir and the risk of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. medRxiv 2022 [preprint publication].Full text

63. Hedberg P, Granath F, Bruchfeld J, et al. Post COVID-19 condition diagnosis: a population-based cohort study of occurrence, associated factors, and healthcare use by severity of acute infection. J Intern Med. 2023 Feb;293(2):246-58.Full text  Abstract

64. Català M, Mercadé-Besora N, Kolde R, et al. The effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines to prevent long COVID symptoms: staggered cohort study of data from the UK, Spain, and Estonia. Lancet Respir Med. 2024 Jan 11:S2213-2600(23)00414-9.Full text  Abstract

65. Florencio LL, Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C. Long COVID: systemic inflammation and obesity as therapeutic targets. Lancet Respir Med. 2022 Aug;10(8):726-7.Full text  Abstract

66. Al-Aly Z. Prevention of long COVID: progress and challenges. Lancet Infect Dis. 2023 Jul;23(7):776-7.Full text  Abstract

67. Ayoubkhani D, Bermingham C, Pouwels KB, et al. Trajectory of long covid symptoms after covid-19 vaccination: community based cohort study. BMJ. 2022 May 18;377:e069676.Full text  Abstract

68. Arnold DT, Milne A, Samms E, et al. Symptoms after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with persistent symptoms after acute infection: a case series. Ann Intern Med. 2021 Sep;174(9):1334-6.Full text  Abstract

69. Whittaker HR, Gulea C, Koteci A, et al. GP consultation rates for sequelae after acute covid-19 in patients managed in the community or hospital in the UK: population based study. BMJ. 2021 Dec 29;375:e065834.Full text  Abstract

70. Wisnivesky JP, Govindarajulu U, Bagiella E, et al. Association of vaccination with the persistence of post-COVID symptoms. J Gen Intern Med. 2022 May;37(7):1748-53.Full text  Abstract

71. Richard SA, Pollett SD, Fries AC, et al. Persistent COVID-19 symptoms at 6 months after onset and the role of vaccination before or after SARS-CoV-2 infection. JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Jan 3;6(1):e2251360.Full text  Abstract

72. Xie Y, Choi T, Al-Aly Z. Association of treatment with nirmatrelvir and the risk of post-COVID-19 condition. JAMA Intern Med. 2023 Jun 1;183(6):554-64.Full text  Abstract

73. Xie Y, Choi T, Al-Aly Z. Molnupiravir and risk of post-acute sequelae of covid-19: cohort study. BMJ. 2023 Apr 25;381:e074572.Full text  Abstract

74. Suran M. VA finds Nirmatrelvir associated with lower risk of long COVID. JAMA. 2022 Dec 27;328(24):2386.Full text  Abstract

75. Boglione L, Meli G, Poletti F, et al. Risk factors and incidence of long-COVID syndrome in hospitalized patients: does remdesivir have a protective effect? QJM. 2022 Jan 9;114(12):865-71.Full text  Abstract

76. Nevalainen OPO, Horstia S, Laakkonen S, et al. Effect of remdesivir post hospitalization for COVID-19 infection from the randomized SOLIDARITY Finland trial. Nat Commun. 2022 Oct 18;13(1):6152.Full text  Abstract

77. Durstenfeld MS, Peluso MJ, Lin F, et al. Association of nirmatrelvir for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection with subsequent Long COVID symptoms in an observational cohort study. J Med Virol. 2024 Jan;96(1):e29333.Full text  Abstract

78. Greenhalgh T, Sivan M, Delaney B, et al. Long covid-an update for primary care. BMJ. 2022 Sep 22;378:e072117.Full text  Abstract

79. O'Mahoney LL, Routen A, Gillies C, et al. The prevalence and long-term health effects of long COVID among hospitalised and non-hospitalised populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2023 Jan;55:101762.Full text  Abstract

80. Yelin D, Moschopoulos CD, Margalit I, et al. ESCMID rapid guidelines for assessment and management of long COVID. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2022 Jul;28(7):955-72.Full text  Abstract

81. Whiteson JH, Azola A, Barry JT, et al. Multi-disciplinary collaborative consensus guidance statement on the assessment and treatment of cardiovascular complications in patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). PM R. 2022 Jul;14(7):855-78. Abstract

82. Herrera JE, Niehaus WN, Whiteson J, et al. Multidisciplinary collaborative consensus guidance statement on the assessment and treatment of fatigue in postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) patients. PM R. 2021 Sep;13(9):1027-43. Abstract

83. Maley JH, Alba GA, Barry JT, et al. Multi-disciplinary collaborative consensus guidance statement on the assessment and treatment of breathing discomfort and respiratory sequelae in patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). PM R. 2022 Jan;14(1):77-95.Full text  Abstract

84. Munblit D, Nicholson T, Akrami A, et al. A core outcome set for post-COVID-19 condition in adults for use in clinical practice and research: an international Delphi consensus study. Lancet Respir Med. 2022 Jul;10(7):715-24.Full text  Abstract

85. Mikkelsen ME, Still M, Anderson BJ, et al. Society of Critical Care Medicine's international consensus conference on prediction and identification of long-term impairments after critical illness. Crit Care Med. 2020 Nov;48(11):1670-9. Abstract

86. Michelen M, Manoharan L, Elkheir N, et al. Characterising long COVID: a living systematic review. BMJ Glob Health. 2021 Sep;6(9):e005427.Full text  Abstract

87. Blitshteyn S, Whiteson JH, Abramoff B, et al. Multi-disciplinary collaborative consensus guidance statement on the assessment and treatment of autonomic dysfunction in patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). PM R. 2022 Oct;14(10):1270-91. Abstract

88. US Department of Veterans Affairs. Whole health system approach to long COVID. August 2022 [internet publication].Full text

89. So M, Kabata H, Fukunaga K, et al. Radiological and functional lung sequelae of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pulm Med. 2021 Mar 22;21(1):97.Full text  Abstract

90. Watanabe A, So M, Iwagami M, et al. One-year follow-up CT findings in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Respirology. 2022 Aug;27(8):605-16.Full text  Abstract

91. Bocchino M, Rea G, Capitelli L, et al. Chest CT lung abnormalities 1 year after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Radiology. 2023 Jul;308(1):e230535.Full text  Abstract

92. Fine JS, Ambrose AF, Didehbani N, et al. Multi-disciplinary collaborative consensus guidance statement on the assessment and treatment of cognitive symptoms in patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). PM R. 2022 Jan;14(1):96-111.Full text  Abstract

93. Mueller MR, Ganesh R, Hurt RT, et al. Post-COVID conditions. Mayo Clin Proc. 2023 Jul;98(7):1071-8.Full text  Abstract

94. Melamed E, Rydberg L, Ambrose AF, et al. Multidisciplinary collaborative consensus guidance statement on the assessment and treatment of neurologic sequelae in patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). PM R. 2023 May;15(5):640-62.Full text  Abstract

95. Whitaker M, Elliott J, Chadeau-Hyam M, et al. Persistent COVID-19 symptoms in a community study of 606,434 people in England. Nat Commun. 2022 Apr 12;13(1):1957.Full text  Abstract

96. Oaklander AL, Mills AJ, Kelley M, et al. Peripheral neuropathy evaluations of patients with prolonged long COVID. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2022 May;9(3):e1146.Full text  Abstract

97. Nguyen B, Tosti A. Alopecia in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAAD Int. 2022 Jun;7:67-77.Full text  Abstract

98. Marasco G, Cremon C, Barbaro MR, et al. Post COVID-19 irritable bowel syndrome. Gut. 2022 Dec 9:gutjnl-2022-328483.Full text  Abstract

99. Clayton EW. Beyond myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: an IOM report on redefining an illness. JAMA. 2015 Mar 17;313(11):1101-2. Abstract

100. Wong TL, Weitzer DJ. Long COVID and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) -a systemic review and comparison of clinical presentation and symptomatology. Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Apr 26;57(5):418.Full text  Abstract

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103. Morelli N, Parry SM, Steele A, et al. Patients surviving critical COVID-19 have impairments in dual-task performance related to post-intensive care syndrome. J Intensive Care Med. 2022 Jul;37(7):890-8.Full text  Abstract

104. Núñez-Seisdedos MN, Lázaro-Navas I, López-González L, et al. Intensive care unit-acquired weakness and hospital functional mobility outcomes following invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19: a single-centre prospective cohort study. J Intensive Care Med. 2022 Aug;37(8):1005-14.Full text  Abstract

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112. Vance H, Maslach A, Stoneman E, et al. Addressing post-COVID symptoms: a guide for primary care physicians. J Am Board Fam Med. 2021 Nov-Dec;34(6):1229-42.Full text  Abstract

113. Addison AB, Wong B, Ahmed T, et al. Clinical Olfactory Working Group consensus statement on the treatment of postinfectious olfactory dysfunction. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2021 May;147(5):1704-19.Full text  Abstract

114. Nalbandian A, Sehgal K, Gupta A, et al. Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Nat Med. 2021 Apr;27(4):601-15.Full text  Abstract

115. Plaut S. "Long COVID-19" and viral "fibromyalgia-ness": Suggesting a mechanistic role for fascial myofibroblasts (Nineveh, the shadow is in the fascia). Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Apr 6;10:952278.Full text  Abstract

116. Savin E, Rosenn G, Tsur AM, et al. The possible onset of fibromyalgia following acute COVID-19 infection. PLoS One. 2023;18(2):e0281593.Full text  Abstract

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118. Servier C, Porcher R, Pane I, et al. Trajectories of the evolution of post-COVID-19 condition, up to two years after symptoms onset. Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Aug;133:67-74.Full text  Abstract

119. Kubota T, Kuroda N, Sone D. Neuropsychiatric aspects of long COVID: a comprehensive review. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2023 Feb;77(2):84-93.Full text  Abstract

120. Hartung TJ, Neumann C, Bahmer T, et al. Fatigue and cognitive impairment after COVID-19: a prospective multicentre study. EClinicalMedicine. 2022 Nov;53:101651.Full text  Abstract

121. National Center for Health Statistics. Post-COVID conditions​. 2023 [internet publication].Full text

122. Mizrahi B, Sudry T, Flaks-Manov N, et al. Long covid outcomes at one year after mild SARS-CoV-2 infection: nationwide cohort study. BMJ. 2023 Jan 11;380:e072529.Full text  Abstract

123. Oliveira CR, Jason LA, Unutmaz D, et al. Improvement of long COVID symptoms over one year. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Jan 9:9:1065620.Full text  Abstract

124. Cheng AL, Anderson J, Didehbani N, et al. Multi-disciplinary collaborative consensus guidance statement on the assessment and treatment of mental health symptoms in patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). PM R. 2023 Dec;15(12):1588-604.Full text  Abstract

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