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Bronchiolitis

  • Overview
  • Theory
  • Diagnosis
  • Management
  • Follow up
  • Resources
Last reviewed: 19 Mar 2025
Last updated: 10 Jan 2025

Summary

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • cough
  • tachypnea
  • wheezing
  • retractions, grunting, and nasal flaring
Detalhes completos

Outros fatores diagnósticos

  • rhinitis
  • fluctuating clinical findings
  • irritability, malaise, and poor feeding
  • fever <104°F (<40°C)
  • crackles
  • apnea
  • thoracoabdominal asynchrony
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • infants <3 years
  • winter months
  • prematurity or bronchopulmonary dysplasia
  • passive tobacco smoke exposure and air pollution
  • impaired airway clearance and function
  • congenital heart disease
  • immunodeficiency
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • pulse oximetry
Detalhes completos

Tests to avoid

  • broad respiratory pathogen panels
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) rapid antigen detection
  • chest x-ray
  • reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
Detalhes completos

Algoritmo de tratamento

AGUDA

confirmed bronchiolitis

Colaboradores

Autores

Howard B. Panitch, MD

Professor

Division of Pulmonary Medicine

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Philadelphia

PA

Declarações

HBP is a member of the American Thoracic Society's Guideline Committee, Long-Term Oxygen Therapy for Infants and Children, past Chair of the American College of Chest Physicians' Home Based Mechanical Ventilation and Neuromuscular Disease NetWork, a member of the ATS guideline committee on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and a member of the current new guideline committee updating the BPD Statement. He is a member of the planning committee of the Pediatric Assembly of the American Thoracic Society, and receives royalties from Up-To-Date for the review of two topics (Spirometry in Children and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia).

Agradecimentos

Professor Panitch would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Isaac Desheng Liu, Dr Woon Li Seo, Dr Jennifer L. Nayak, Dr Caroline B. Hall, and Dr Clement L. Ren, previous contributors to this topic.

Declarações

IDL, WLS, JLN, and CLR declare that they have no competing interests. CBH is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Revisores

Robert Welliver, MD

Professor of Pediatrics

Women and Children's Hospital

Buffalo

NY

Declarações

RW declares that he has no competing interests.

Giovanni Piedimonte, MD

Wyeth Research Scholar Professor and Chair

Department of Pediatrics

WVU School of Medicine

Physician-in-Chief

WVU Children's Hospital

Morgantown

WV

Declarações

GP declares that he has no competing interests.

H. Cody Meissner, MD

Professor of Pediatrics

Infectious Disease

Department of Pediatrics

Tufts-New England Medical Center

Boston

MA

Declarações

HCM is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

John Henderson, MBBS

Professor of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine

University of Bristol

Bristol

UK

Declarações

JH declares that he has no competing interests.

  • Diagnósticos diferenciais

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  • Diretrizes

    • Bronchiolitis in children: diagnosis and management
    • Australasian bronchiolitis guideline
    Mais Diretrizes

  • Folhetos informativos para os pacientes

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