Endometrial cancer
Summary
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- postmenopausal vaginal bleeding (PVB)
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- uterine mass, fixed uterus, or adnexal mass indicating extrauterine disease
- abnormal menstruation or vaginal bleeding in a premenopausal woman
- pain (abdominal or pelvic) and weight loss
- symptoms of metastatic disease
- signs of metastatic disease
Factores de riesgo
- overweight and obesity
- age >50 years
- endometrial hyperplasia
- unopposed endogenous estrogen
- unopposed exogenous estrogen
- tamoxifen use (postmenopausal women)
- insulin resistance
- family history of endometrial or colorectal cancer
- family history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer
- family history of Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer)
- family history of PTEN syndromes
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- radiation therapy
- inactivity
- diet
- nulliparity and infertility
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- pelvic (transvaginal) ultrasound
- office-based endometrial biopsy (with or without office-based hysteroscopy) and histopathology
- hysteroscopy, dilation and curettage (D&C), and histopathology
- cervical cytology (liquid-based cytology or Pap smear)
- CBC
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- tumor molecular analysis
- genetic evaluation
- serum CA-125 level
- saline infusion sonohysterogram
- BUN and creatinine (renal function testing)
- LFTs
- chest x-ray
- CT scan of chest, abdomen, and pelvis
- MRI of uterus, pelvis, and abdomen
- PET/CT scan
Algoritmo de tratamiento
stage IA endometrioid carcinoma not considering fertility preservation
stage IA endometrioid carcinoma considering fertility preservation
stage IB or II endometrioid carcinoma
stages III to IV endometrioid carcinoma; all nonendometrioid carcinomas (high risk)
recurrent or incurable disease
Colaboradores
Autores
Alexander B. Olawaiye, MD, MRCOG, FACOG, FACS
Associate Professor
Division of Gynecologic Oncology
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences
Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Pittsburgh
PA
Divulgaciones
ABO is on the scientific advisory board for AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Clovis, and Genentech.
Richard T. Penson, MD, MRCP
Clinical Director
Medical Gynecologic Oncology
Division of Hematology Oncology
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston
MA
Divulgaciones
RTP declares that his institution has received research funding from Array BioPharma Inc., AstraZeneca, Genentech, and Vascular Biogenics Ltd on his behalf. RTP has received research funding from Genentech Inc., ImClone Systems Inc., Endocyte Inc., AstraZeneca, Eisai Inc., Amgen Inc., and Vascular Biogenics Ltd. He has been paid for participating in scientific advisory boards for AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Baxalta Oncology, Clovis Oncology, Curio Science, Eisai Inc., Endocyte Inc., Genentech, Janssen Oncology (J&J), Merck & Co., Mersana Therapeutics Inc., NewLink Genetics, Nexus Global Group, Pieris Pharma Inc., Roche Inc., Sutro Biopharma, Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Tesaro Inc., and Vascular Biogenics Ltd. RTP was an expert witness for Aventis Pharma S.A. vs. Apotex Inc. in 2009. RTP has received royalties from: BMJ, Blackwell Publishing Medicine at a glance, and UpToDate Advance Medical: Second Medical Opinion.
Agradecimientos
Dr Alexander B. Olawaiye and Dr Richard T. Penson would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Larissa J. Lee, their co-contributor who has sadly died, and to acknowledge Dr Neil S. Horowitz and Dr Anthony H. Russell, previous contributors to this topic.
Divulgaciones
NSH and AHR declare that they have no competing interests.
Revisores por pares
Susan A. Davidson, MD
Associate Professor/Chief
Gynecologic Oncology
S/M Obstetrics & Gynecology (UCD)
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
Aurora
CO
Divulgaciones
SAD declares that she has no competing interests.
Svetlana Mironov, MD
Attending Radiologist
Assistant Professor of Radiology
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
New York
NY
Divulgaciones
SM declares that she has no competing interests.
Agradecimiento de los revisores por pares
Los temas de BMJ Best Practice se actualizan de forma continua de acuerdo con los desarrollos en la evidencia y en las guías. Los revisores por pares listados aquí han revisado el contenido al menos una vez durante la historia del tema.
Divulgaciones
Las afiliaciones y divulgaciones de los revisores por pares se refieren al momento de la revisión.
Referencias
Artículos principales
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: uterine neoplasms [internet publication].Texto completo
Concin N, Matias-Guiu X, Vergote I, et al. ESGO/ESTRO/ESP guidelines for the management of patients with endometrial carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2021 Jan;31(1):12-39.Texto completo Resumen
Oaknin A, Bosse TJ, Creutzberg CL, et al. Endometrial cancer: ESMO clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2022 Sep;33(9):860-77.Texto completo Resumen
Amant F, Mirza MR, Koskas M, et al. Cancer of the corpus uteri. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2018 Oct;143 Suppl 2:37-50.Texto completo Resumen
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Society of Gynecologic Oncology. Practice bulletin no. 149: endometrial cancer. Apr 2015 [internet publication].Texto completo
Artículos de referencia
Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
Diferenciales
- Endometrial hyperplasia
- Endometrial polyp
- Endometriosis
Más DiferencialesGuías de práctica clínica
- NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: uterine neoplasms
- Asymptomatic endometrial thickening in menopausal women
Más Guías de práctica clínicaFolletos para el paciente
Hysterectomy
Más Folletos para el paciente
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