Evaluation of dementia

Last reviewed: 10 Jun 2025
Last updated: 25 Jun 2024

Summary

Differentials

Common

  • Mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
  • Delirium
  • Depression
  • Alzheimer dementia
  • Vascular dementia
  • Lewy body dementia
Full details

Uncommon

  • Amnestic syndromes
  • Aphasia
  • Frontotemporal dementia
  • Parkinson disease
  • Huntington disease
  • Brain tumors
  • Cushing syndrome
  • Hypopituitarism
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
  • Acute intermittent porphyria
  • Primary hypothyroidism
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Wilson disease
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency
  • Traumatic brain injury
  • Lyme disease
  • Tuberculosis
  • Syphilis (late)
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Sjogren syndrome
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Medication use
  • Toxin-induced
  • Normal pressure hydrocephalus
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Full details

Contributors

Authors

Aarti Gupta, MBBS

Associate Professor of Clinical Psychiatry

Yale University

New Haven

Disclosures

AG declares that she has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Aarti Gupta would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Rajesh Tampi, Dr Sarper Taskiran, Dr Javier Lopez, and Dr Sunanda Muralee, the previous contributors to this topic. RT, ST, JL, and SM declare that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Kirsten Wilkins, MD

Associate Professor of Psychiatry

Yale School of Medicine

New Haven

CT

Disclosures

KW declares that she has no competing interests.

Daniel Kaufer, MD

Director

Memory Disorders Program

Department of Neurology

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

NC

Disclosures

DK has received research support, speaking honoraria, and consulting fees from Eisai, Forest Laboratories, Johnson & Johnson, Medivation, Novartis, Ortho-McNeil, and Pfizer.

Lawrence Whalley, MD, FRCP, FRCPsych

Professor Emeritus of Mental Health

University of Aberdeen Institute of Applied Health Sciences

Aberdeen

UK

გაფრთხილება:

LW declares that he has no competing interests.

Randolph Schiffer, MD

Director

Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health

Las Vegas

NV

გაფრთხილება:

RS declares that he has no competing interests.

წყაროები

ჩვენი მტკიცებულებებისა და სარედაქციო ჯგუფები თანამშრომლობენ საერთაშორისო ექსპერტებსა და რეცენზენტებთან, რათა უზრუნველვყოთ თქვენი წვდომა კლინიკურად ყველაზე მნიშვნელოვან ინფორმაციაზე.

ძირითადი სტატიები

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2022.

Galvin JE, Sadowsky CH, NINCDS-ADRDA. Practical guidelines for the recognition and diagnosis of dementia. J Am Board Fam Med. 2012 May-Jun;25(3):367-82.სრული ტექსტი  აბსტრაქტი

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Dementia: assessment, management and support for people living with dementia and their carers. Jul 2018 [internet publication].სრული ტექსტი

U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Cognitive impairment in older adults: screening. Feb 2020 [internet publication].სრული ტექსტი

American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: dementia​. 2019 [internet publication].სრული ტექსტი

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