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Acute prostatitis

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  • 概述
  • 理论
  • 诊断
  • 治疗
  • 随访
  • 资源
最后审阅： 19 Nov 2025
最后更新： 17 Sep 2025

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • fever, chills, malaise
  • tender prostate
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • age <50 years
  • urinary frequency
  • dysuria
  • diminished urinary stream
  • perineal pain
  • warm or soft, boggy gland
  • indwelling urinary catheter
  • recent transrectal prostate biopsy
  • recent transurethral surgery
完整详情

危险因素

  • urinary tract infection (UTI)
  • benign prostatic enlargement
  • urinary tract instrumentation/manipulation
  • poor general health/immunosuppression
  • smoking and alcohol consumption
  • genetics
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • urinalysis
  • urine culture
  • blood cultures
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Tests to avoid

  • serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
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需考虑的检查

  • transrectal ultrasound
  • 4-glass or 2-glass test
  • urine cytology
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

signs of sepsis

without signs of sepsis

撰稿人

作者

Altaf Mangera, MBChB (Hons), MD, FRCS (Urol)

Consultant Urologist

Department of Urology

Royal Hallamshire Hospital

Sheffield

UK

利益声明

AM declares that he has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Altaf Mangera would like to gratefully acknowledge Christopher Chapple and Robyn Webber, previous contributors to this topic. CC is a consultant for Proverum, MUVON Therapeutics, and Pierre Fabre.

同行评议者

Hans Hedelin, MD

Department of Urology and Centre for Research and Development

Karnsjukhuset

Skovde

Sweden

利益声明

HH declares that he has no competing interests.

Benjamin A. Lipsky, MD, FACP, FIDSA, FRCP

Professor of Medicine

University of Washington

VA Puget Sound Health Care System

Seattle

WA

利益声明

BAL has received research funding from, and been a consultant to, several pharmaceutical companies that make antibiotic agents that might be used for treating bacterial prostatitis.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

参考文献

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

关键文献

Rothman JR, Jaffe WI. Prostatitis: updates on diagnostic evaluation. Curr Urol Rep. 2007 Jul;8(4):301-6. 摘要

European Association of Urology. Guidelines on urological infections. Mar 2025 [internet publication].全文

Nickel JC. Prostatitis. Can Urol Assoc J. 2011 Oct;5(5):306-15.全文  摘要

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Prostatitis (acute): antimicrobial prescribing. Oct 2018 [internet publication].全文

参考文献

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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