Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- abdominal distension
- oliguria
- increased respiratory effort
- hypotension
Risk factors
- excessive fluid resuscitation (>3 L in 24 hours)
- massive blood transfusion (>10 units in 24 hours)
- decreased abdominal compliance
- intra-abdominal infection/inflammation
- hemoperitoneum
- ileus
- pneumoperitoneum
- loss of abdominal domain
- comorbid cirrhosis
- retroperitoneal hematoma
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- transbladder measurement of intra-abdominal pressure
- oxygen saturation
- BUN and creatinine
- arterial blood gases
Emerging tests
- measurement of intra-abdominal pressure via vena cava, rectum, or abdominal cavity
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Authors VIEW ALL
Assistant Professor
Department of Surgery
Division of Burn/Trauma/Critical Care
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas
TX
Disclosures
MWC declares that he has no competing interests.
Surgeon/Surgical Intensivist
Advanced Surgical Associates/Banner Health
Division of Trauma/Critical Care
Mesa
AZ
Disclosures
JCP declares that he has no competing interests.
Dr Michael Cripps and Dr Jeffrey Perumean would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Michaela West and Dr Gary An, previous contributors to this monograph. MW and GA are authors of a reference cited in this monograph.
Peer reviewers VIEW ALL
Director
Surgical ICUs
Orlando Regional Medical Center
Orlando
FL
Disclosures
MLC is an author of a number of references cited in this monograph. MLC is a member of the World Society of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome.
Physician/Intensivist
Fremantle Hospital
Fremantle
Western Australia
Australia
Disclosures
BDK declares that he has no competing interests.
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