Abnormal Pap smear
Summary
Cervical cancer screening has been hailed as one of the most successful preventive medical strategies. It has been associated with a 70% reduction in cervical cancer mortality in developed countries since the introduction of the Papanicolaou (Pap) test in 1941.[1][Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Erosion in cervix due to low-grade cervical carcinomaCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [Citation ends].
National Cancer Institute: Pap and HIV testing Opens in new window
American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: cervical cancer screening Opens in new window
Details
- Cervical sampling techniques
- Pap report
- HPV testing
- HPV vaccination
- Colposcopy
- Screening
Contributors
Authors
Richard T. Penson, MD, MRCP
Clinical Director
Medical Gynecologic Oncology
Division of Hematology Oncology
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston
MA
Disclosures
RTP declares that he has no competing interests.
Marcela G. del Carmen, MD, MPH
Chief Medical Officer
Massachusetts General Physicians Organization
Division of Gynecologic-Oncology
Massachusetts General Hospital
Professor
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
Harvard Medical School
Boston
MA
Disclosures
MDC declares that she has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Deirdre Lyons, MB, BCh, BAO, MRCOG
Consultant in Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Lead Clinician in Colposcopy
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
London
UK
Disclosures
DL declares that she has no competing interests.
Matejka Rebolj, PhD
Scientific Researcher
Centre for Epidemiology and Screening
Institute of Public Health
University of Copenhagen
Copenhagen
Denmark
Disclosures
MR declares that she has no competing interests.
Shagufta Yasmeen, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
UC Davis Health System
Sacramento
CA
Disclosures
SY declares that she has no competing interests.
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