Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- visual field loss
- FHx idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Other diagnostic factors
- headache
- transient visual obscurations
- pulse-synchronous tinnitus
- photophobia
- retrobulbar pain
- optical disk swelling
- decreased visual acuity
- ocular motility defects
- diplopia
- relative afferent papillary defect (RAPD)
Risk factors
- female gender
- weight gain
- sleep apnea
- certain medication use
- associated causal diseases
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- visual field testing (perimetry)
- optic disk photographs
- MRI of brain with or without contrast
- lumbar puncture at spinal L3/L4
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Authors
Professor
Department of Neurology and Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics and Iowa City VA Health Care System
Iowa City
IA
Disclosures
MW declares that he has no competing interests.
Chief Resident in Ophthalmology
Nassau University Medical Center
East Meadow
New York
NY
Disclosures
MM declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Consultant in Neurology and Neuro-Ophthalmology
Mayo Clinic Florida
Jacksonville
FL
Disclosures
PWB declares that he has no competing interests.
Consultant Neuro-ophthalmologist
Birmingham Neuro-ophthalmology Unit
University Hospital Birmingham
Birmingham
UK
Disclosures
TDM declares that he has no competing interests.
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