Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- wing-shaped conjunctival overgrowth onto corneal surface
- hx of chronic UV light exposure
- ocular irritation, burning, and tearing
Risk factors
- chronic UV light exposure
- FHx of pterygium
- chronic ocular irritants
- human papilloma and Epstein-Barr virus infection
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- slit-lamp examination
- fluorescein staining
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Authors

Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon
Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
Professor of Corneal Science
Kings College
University of London
London
UK
Disclosures
DOB receives research grants from Alcon Inc, and has acted as a consultant on the preparation of a report on epithelium-on-corneal collagen cross-linking for Sooft Italia SPA. He is an author of a number of references cited in this monograph.
Peer reviewers
Assistant Professor
Department of Ophthalmology
University of Texas Health Science Center
San Antonio
TX
Disclosures
CED is a speaker for Bio-Tissue, the developer of Amniograft amniotic membrane.
Professor of Ophthalmology
Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology
University Of Oxford
John Radcliffe Hospital
Oxford
UK
Disclosures
REM declares that he has no competing interests.
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