Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- history of smoking, pacemaker, or central venous catheter
- localized edema of the face and upper extremities
- dyspnea
- facial plethora
- cough
- distended neck veins
- distended chest veins
- hoarseness of voice
- lymphadenopathy
- blurred vision
- stridor
- confusion/stupor
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- anorexia
- weight loss
- hemoptysis
- headache
- chest pain
- mental changes
- fever
- skin rash
- arthralgia
- laryngeal edema
- cyanosis
- papilledema
- coma
Factores de riesgo
- smoking
- multiple pacemaker leads
- central venous catheters/ports
- age >50 years
- radiation
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- chest x-ray
- chest CT
- chest MRI
- ultrasound of upper extremities
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- venography
- biopsy
- sputum cytology
- thoracentesis
- sputum culture
- erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- C-reactive protein
Algoritmo de tratamiento
acute airway obstruction (without tissue diagnosis)
malignant etiology
infectious etiology
iatrogenic etiology
Colaboradores
Autores
Kul Aggarwal, MD, MRCP, FACC

Professor of Clinical Medicine
University of Missouri
Columbia
MO
Divulgaciones
KA declares that he has no competing interests.
Albert K. Chan, MD
Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine
University of Missouri
Columbia
MO
Divulgaciones
AKC declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimientos
Professor Kul Aggarwal and Dr Albert K Chan would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Nipun Arora and Lokesh Tejwani, previous contributors to this topic. NA declares that he has no competing interests.
Revisores por pares
Debabrata Mukherjee, MD
Gill Foundation Professor of Interventional Cardiology
Director of Cardiac Catheterization Laboratories
Gill Heart Institute
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
University of Kentucky
Lexington
KY
Divulgaciones
DM declares that he has no competing interests.
Syed Wamique Yusuf, MD, MRCPI, FACC
Associate Professor
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Department of Cardiology
Houston
TX
Divulgaciones
SWY declares that he has no competing interests.
Andrew Turley, MB ChB
Cardiology Specialist Registrar
The James Cook University Hospital
Middlesbrough
UK
Divulgaciones
AT declares that he has no competing interests.
Referencias
Artículos principales
Azizi AH, Shafi I, Shah N, et al. Superior vena cava syndrome. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2020 Dec 28;13(24):2896-2910.Texto completo Resumen
American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: suspected upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis. 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo
Uberoi R. Quality assurance guidelines for superior vena cava stenting in malignant disease. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2006 May-Jun;29(3):319-22. Resumen
Kearon C, Akl EA, Ornelas J, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report. Chest. 2016 Feb;149(2):315-52.Texto completo Resumen
Artículos de referencia
Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
Diferenciales
- Cardiac tamponade
- Constrictive pericarditis
- Acute COPD exacerbation
Más DiferencialesGuías de práctica clínica
- ACR Appropriateness Criteria: suspected upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis
- Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report
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