When viewing this topic in a different language, you may notice some differences in the way the content is structured, but it still reflects the latest evidence-based guidance.

Congenital torticollis

  • Descripción general
  • Teoría
  • Diagnóstico
  • Manejo
  • Seguimiento
  • Recursos
Última revisión: 21 Aug 2025
Última actualización: 14 Feb 2025

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • twin birth
  • unvaried supine sleep and resting position
  • decreased prone awake time
  • head tilt
  • head rotated with decreased active rotation to affected side
  • decreased head righting to contralateral side
  • sternocleidomastoid mass
  • ipsilateral shoulder elevation
  • plagiocephaly/craniofacial asymmetry
  • hypertropia on contralateral side
  • hip click or asymmetry
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • plagiocephaly
  • breech delivery
  • cesarean section delivery
  • twin A (lower in utero)
  • complicated deliveries (forceps or vacuum)
  • birth trauma
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • cervical spine x-ray
  • pelvic x-ray
  • hip ultrasound
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • neck ultrasound
  • skull x-ray
  • cervical/cranial MRI
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

En curso

inadequate head control or age <5 months

good head control and age >5 months

Colaboradores

Autores

Joyce L. Oleszek, MD
Joyce L. Oleszek

Associate Professor

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

University of Colorado School of Medicine and The Children's Hospital Colorado

Aurora

CO

Divulgaciones

JLO is co-author of one of the references cited in this topic.

Revisores por pares

Elizabeth A. Moberg-Wolff, MD

Associate Professor

Program Director

Tone Management and Mobility

Children's Hospital of Wisconsin

Milwaukee

WI

Divulgaciones

EAMW declares that she has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

Cheng JC, Wong MW, Tang SP, et al. Clinical determinants of the outcome of manual stretching in the treatment of congenital muscular torticollis in infants. A prospective study of eight hundred and twenty-one cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;83-A(5):679-87. Resumen

Cheng JC, Au AW. Infantile torticollis: a review of 624 cases. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994;14:802-808. Resumen

Binder H, Eng GD, Gaiser JF, et al. Congenital muscular torticollis: results of conservative management with long-term follow-up in 85 cases. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1987 Apr;68(4):222-5. Resumen

Positioning and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): update. American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Infant Positioning and SIDS. Pediatrics. 1996;98:1216-1218. Resumen

Emery C. The determinants of treatment duration for congenital muscular torticollis. Phys Ther. 1994 Oct;74(10):921-9.Texto completo  Resumen

Cheng JC, Tang SP, Chen TM, et al. The clinical presentation and outcome of treatment of congenital muscular torticollis in infants - a study of 1,086 cases. J Pediatr Surg. 2000 Jul;35(7):1091-6. Resumen

Cheng JC, Tang SP. Outcome of surgical treatment of congenital muscular torticollis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1999 May;(362):190-200. Resumen

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.

Использование этого контента попадает под действие нашего заявления об отказе от ответственности