Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- positive family history
- equinus deformity
- hind foot in varus and adducted
- forefoot adducted
Other diagnostic factors
- male sex
- hip dysplasia
- neurologic or chromosomal abnormalities
- smaller lower extremity
- dimpling, hairy patch along spine line
Risk factors
- family history of equinovarus foot deformity
- male sex
- associated congenital abnormalities
- parental smoking
Diagnostic tests
Tests to consider
- anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of foot
- dynamic hip ultrasound
- pelvic radiographs
- CT foot
- CT spine
- abdominal ultrasound
Treatment algorithm
at initial diagnosis
relapse
Contributors
Authors
Scott E. Van Valin, MD
Associate Professor
Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery
Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee
WI
Disclosures
SEVV declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Shyam Kishan, MD
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedics
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Loma Linda University
Loma Linda
CA
Disclosures
SK declares that he has no competing interests.
Mark J. Adamczyk, MD
Pediatric Orthopedic Surgeon
Akron Children's Hospital
Akron
OH
Declarações
MJA declares that he has no competing interests.
Nigel Kiely, FRCS
Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon
Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic and District Hospital NHS Trust
Oswestry
Shropshire
UK
Declarações
NK declares that he has no competing interests.
Donald Campbell, MD
Consultant
Paediatric Orthopaedic Surgery
Ninewells Hospital and Medical School
Dundee
Scotland
UK
Declarações
Not disclosed.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
Referências
Principais artigos
Cady R, Hennessey TA, Schwend RM. Diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic congenital clubfoot. Pediatrics. 2022 Feb;149(2):e2021055555.Texto completo Resumo
British Society for Children’s Orthopaedic Surgery (BSCOS). Management of clubfoot deformity in children up to walking age. Jul 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo
Besselaar AT, Sakkers RJB, Schuppers HA, et al. Guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of primary idiopathic clubfoot. Acta Orthop. 2017 Mar 7;88(3):305-9.Texto completo Resumo
Staheli L, ed. Clubfoot: Ponseti management, 3rd ed. Seattle, WA: Global HELP; 2009.Texto completo
Artigos de referência
Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
Diagnósticos diferenciais
- Metatarsus adductus
- Skewfoot
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Mais Diagnósticos diferenciaisDiretrizes
- Diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic congenital clubfoot
- Management of clubfoot deformity in children up to walking age
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