Summary
Definition
Ovarian cyst is a surgical, imaging, or exam finding of an enlarged, fluid-filled ovary or portion of ovarian tissue. Ovarian cysts imply a pathophysiologic process involving the ovary itself.[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Laparoscopic view of ovarian cyst in vivoFrom the collection of Professor Michael Hopkins [Citation ends].
History and exam
Other diagnostic factors
- pelvic pain
- bloating and early satiety
- palpable adnexal mass
Risk factors
- premenopausal age group
- early menarche
- first trimester of pregnancy
- personal history of infertility or polycystic ovary syndrome
- increased intrinsic or extrinsic gonadotropins
- tamoxifen therapy
- smoking
- personal or family history of endometriosis
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- transvaginal ultrasonography
Investigations to consider
- serum cancer antigen (CA)-125
- color power Doppler ultrasonography of abdomen/pelvis
- MRI of abdomen/pelvis
- CT imaging of abdomen/pelvis
- karyotype analysis
- laparoscopy/laparotomy and histopathology
Emerging tests
- PET imaging of abdomen/pelvis
- serum biomarkers (ovarian adnexal mass assessment score test system)
Treatment algorithm
acutely ill
nonpregnant: premenopausal with simple ovarian cyst
nonpregnant: premenopausal with complex ovarian cyst
nonpregnant: premenopausal with solid ovarian cyst
postmenopausal with simple ovarian cyst
postmenopausal with complex ovarian cyst
postmenopausal with solid ovarian cyst
pregnant
Contributors
Authors
Sareena Singh, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Northeast Ohio Medical University
Rootstown
OH
Director of Gynecologic Oncology
Aultman Health Foundation
Canton
OH
Declarações
SS declares that she has no competing interests
Agradecimentos
Dr Sareena Singh would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Michael P. Hopkins, Dr Christina N. Kufel, Dr Lauren M. Blue, Dr Jay R. Patibandla, and Dr Laura K. Randolph, previous contributors to this topic.
Declarações
MPH, CNK, LMB, JRP, and LKR declare that they have no competing interests.
Revisores
John Bachman, MD
Consultant in Family Medicine
Parker D Sanders and Isabella Sanders Professor of Primary Care
Rochester
MN
Declarações
JB declares that he has no competing interests.
David Chelmow, MD
Chair
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond
VA
Declarações
DC declares that he has no competing interests.
T. Justin Clark, MD (Hons), MRCOG
Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
Birmingham Women's Hospital
Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Birmingham
UK
Declarações
TJC declares that he has no competing interests.
Créditos aos pareceristas
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As afiliações e declarações dos pareceristas referem--se ao momento da revisão.
Referências
Principais artigos
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Committee on Practice Bulletins—Gynecology. Practice bulletin no. 174: evaluation and management of adnexal masses. Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Nov;128(5):e210-6. Resumo
DePriest PD, Shenson D, Fried A, et al. A morphology index based on sonographic findings in ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 1993 Oct;51(1):7-11. Resumo
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Committee opinion no. 716: the role of the obstetrician-gynecologist in the early detection of epithelial ovarian cancer in women at average risk. Sep 2017 (reaffirmed 2024) [internet publication].Texto completo
US Preventive Services Task Force; Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Owens DK, et al. Screening for ovarian cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2018 Feb 13;319(6):588-94. Resumo
Levine D, Patel MD, Suh-Burgmann EJ, et al. Simple adnexal cysts: SRU consensus conference update on follow-up and reporting. Radiology. 2019 Nov;293(2):359-71.Texto completo Resumo
Grimes DA, Jones LB, Lopez LM, et al. Oral contraceptives for functional ovarian cysts. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Apr 29;(4):CD006134.Texto completo Resumo
Artigos de referência
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Diagnósticos diferenciais
- Ovarian cancer
- Ovarian torsion
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
Mais Diagnósticos diferenciaisDiretrizes
- ACR appropriateness criteria® clinically suspected adnexal mass, no acute symptoms
- Initial investigation and management of benign ovarian masses
Mais DiretrizesFolhetos informativos para os pacientes
Ovarian cyst
Ovarian cancer
Mais Folhetos informativos para os pacientes
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