Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- loss of consciousness
- prehospital CPR or defibrillation
- tachycardia
- hypotension
- low Glasgow Coma Scale score
- burns
- physical injuries
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- diminished peripheral pulses and poor capillary refill
- low core body temperature
- confusion
- paralysis
Factores de riesgo
- age <6 years
- construction industry workers
- male sex
- participation in outdoor sports
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- ECG
- CBC
- electrolytes
- LFTs
- coagulation studies
- creatine kinase
- urine myoglobin
- cardiac enzymes (CK-MB and troponin)
- toxicology screen
- chest x-ray
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- plain x-rays
- head CT
- head MRI
- compartment pressure measurements
Algoritmo de tratamiento
all patients
Colaboradores
Autores
Baljit Dheansa, MBBS, FRCS, MSc, FRCS (Plast)
Consultant Burns, Plastic & Reconstructive Surgeon
Honorary Senior Lecturer
Queen Victoria Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
West Sussex
UK
Divulgaciones
BD is the Chair of the Data Monitoring Board of a trial studying enzymatic debridement of burns, and Chair of the Steering Committee of a trial studying LASER treatment of scars. He is also an expert witness in medicolegal cases involving burns, and regularly teaches on burn injury to students and health professionals.
Ahmed Hagiga, MBBCh, MRCS, MSc
Plastic Surgery Registrar
Plastic Surgery Department
Queen Victoria Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
West Sussex
UK
Divulgaciones
AH declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimientos
Mr Dheansa and Mr Hagiga would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Juan Enrique Berner and Dr T Grant Phillips, previous contributors to this topic.
Divulgaciones
JEB and TGP declare that they have no competing interests.
Revisores por pares
Stephen J. Ritz, DO
UPMC St. Margaret Family Medicine Residency and Faculty Development Fellowship
Osteopathic Family Practice/Rotating Internship Program
Pittsburgh
PA
Divulgaciones
SJR declares that he has no competing interests.
Catalina C. Ionita, MD
Assistant Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery
SUNY
Buffalo
NY
Divulgaciones
CCI declares that she has no competing interests.
Bernd Hartmann, MD
Chief Physician
Centre for Severe Burns Injuries with Plastic Surgery
Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin (Trauma Hospital Berlin)
Berlin
Germany
Divulgaciones
BH declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimiento de los revisores por pares
Los temas de BMJ Best Practice se actualizan de forma continua de acuerdo con los desarrollos en la evidencia y en las guías. Los revisores por pares listados aquí han revisado el contenido al menos una vez durante la historia del tema.
Divulgaciones
Las afiliaciones y divulgaciones de los revisores por pares se refieren al momento de la revisión.
Referencias
Artículos principales
Spies C, Trohman RG. Narrative review: Electrocution and life-threatening electrical injuries. Ann Intern Med. 2006 Oct 3;145(7):531-7. Resumen
Davis C, Engeln A, Johnson E, et al. Wilderness Medical Society practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of lightning injuries: 2014 update. Wilderness Environ Med. 2014 Dec;25(4):S86-95.Texto completo Resumen
American Heart Association. Part 10.9: electric shock and lightning strikes. Circulation. 2005 Dec 13;112(24):IV-154-5.Texto completo
Arnoldo B, Klein M, Gibran, NS. Practice guidelines for the management of electrical injuries. J Burn Care Res. 2006 Jul-Aug;27(4):439-47. Resumen
Artículos de referencia
Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
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