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Melasma

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Последний просмотренный: 29 Nov 2025
Last updated: 11 Aug 2022

Резюме

Определение

Анамнез и осмотр

Ключевые диагностические факторы

  • centrofacial, malar, or mandibular distribution of muddy brown to gray hyperpigmentation
Полная информация

Факторы риска

  • female sex
  • Fitzpatrick III-VI skin types
  • ultraviolet radiation
  • oral contraceptive pill
  • pregnancy
  • family history of melasma
  • photosensitizing drugs
Полная информация

Диагностические исследования

Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь

  • Wood lamp examination
Полная информация

Исследования, проведение которых нужно рассмотреть

  • skin biopsy
Полная информация

Неотложные исследования

  • reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM)

Алгоритм лечения

Острый

pregnant

nonpregnant

Составители

Авторы

Nazanin Saedi, MD

Director

Laser Surgery and Cosmetic Dermatology

Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals

Philadelphia

PA

Раскрытие информации

NZ has been on the advisory board of Cynosure, Cartessa, Allergan, and Alastin; used equipment from Cynosure and Cartessa; and been a consultant to Allergan and Alastin.

Выражение благодарностей

Dr Nazanin Saedi would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Laura Korb Ferris and Dr Maria Liliana Marino, previous contributors to this topic.

Раскрытие информации

MLM and LKF declare that they have no competing interests.

Рецензенты

Chad M. Hivnor, Major, USAF, MC, FS

Chief

Outpatient & Pediatric Dermatology

59th Medical Wing/ SGOMD

Lackland Air Force Base

San Antonio

TX

Раскрытие информации

CMH declares that he has no competing interests.

Jashin Wu, MD

Chief Dermatology Resident

University of California

Irvine

CA

Раскрытие информации

JW declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Список литературы

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Основные статьи

Ball Arefiev KL, Hantash BM. Advances in the treatment of melasma: a review of the recent literature. Dermatol Surg. 2012 Jul;38(7 Pt 1):971-84. Аннотация

Rajaratnam R, Halpern J, Salim A, et al. Interventions for melasma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(7):CD003583. Аннотация

Kang HY, Ortonne JP. What should be considered in treatment of melasma. Ann Dermatol. 2010 Nov;22(4):373-8.Полный текст  Аннотация

Austin E, Nguyen JK, Jagdeo J. Topical treatments for melasma: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019 Nov 1;18(11):S1545961619P1156X.Полный текст  Аннотация

Статьи, указанные как источники

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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