Evaluation of jaundice

Last reviewed: 16 Aug 2025
Last updated: 07 Aug 2025

Summary

Differentials

Common

  • Alcohol related liver disease
  • Choledocholithiasis
  • Hepatitis A
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis C
  • Drug-induced liver injury
  • Ascending cholangitis
  • Pancreatic carcinoma
  • Liver metastases
  • Hemolytic anemia
  • Decompensated cirrhosis
  • Acute liver failure
  • Acute-on-chronic liver failure
Full details

Uncommon

  • Gilbert syndrome
  • Hepatitis E
  • Hepatitis D
  • Leptospirosis
  • Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) cholangiopathy
  • Cholangiocarcinoma
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
  • Postoperative stricture
  • Primary sclerosing cholangitis
  • Primary biliary cholangitis
  • Wilson disease
  • Hereditary hemochromatosis
  • Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
  • Parasitic infections
  • AIDS cholangiopathy
  • Heart failure
Full details

Contributors

Authors

Janisha Patel, BSc, PhD, MBChB

Consultant Hepatologist

University Hospital Southampton

Southampton

UK

Disclosures

JP declares that she has no competing interests.

Alex Smith, MBChB MRCP

Hepatology Specialist Registrar

University Hospital Southampton

Southampton

UK

Disclosures

AS declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Janisha Patel and Dr Alex Smith would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Rene Ramnarace, Dr Harry R. Dalton, Dr Peter Draganov, and Dr Grant F. Hutchins, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

RR, HRD, PD, and GFH declare that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Jeffrey S. Upperman, MD, FACS, FAAP

Associate Professor of Surgery

Division of General Pediatric Surgery; Director of the Trauma Program

Children's Hospital

Los Angeles

CA

Disclosures

JSU declares that he has no competing interests.

Grant Sanders, MBBS

Consultant

Laparoscopic Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeon

Derriford Hospital

Plymouth

UK

Disclosures

GS declares that he has no competing interests.

Jawad Ahmad, MD, FRCP, FAASLD

Professor of Medicine

Division of Liver Diseases

Mount Sinai Hospital

New York

NY

Declarações

JA declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Referências

Nossas equipes internas de editoria e de evidências trabalham em conjunto com colaboradores internacionais especializados e pares revisores para garantir que forneçamos acesso às informações o mais clinicamente relevantes possível.

Principais artigos

Jophlin LL, Singal AK, Bataller R, et al. ACG clinical guideline: alcohol-associated liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2024 Jan 1;119(1):30-54.Texto completo  Resumo

Fontana RJ, Liou I, Reuben A, et al. AASLD practice guidance on drug, herbal, and dietary supplement-induced liver injury. Hepatology. 2023 Mar 1;77(3):1036-65.Texto completo

Bajaj JS, O'Leary JG, Lai JC, et al. Acute-on-chronic liver failure clinical guidelines. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 Feb 1;117(2):225-52.Texto completo  Resumo

Biggins SW, Angeli P, Garcia-Tsao G, et al. Diagnosis, evaluation, and management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatorenal syndrome: 2021 practice guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2021 Aug;74(2):1014-48.Texto completo  Resumo

American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: jaundice. 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo

Artigos de referência

Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
  • Evaluation of jaundice images
  • Folhetos informativos para os pacientes

    Alcoholic liver disease

    Hepatitis C: what is it?

    Mais Folhetos informativos para os pacientes
  • Calculadoras

    Glasgow Alcoholic Hepatitis Score

    MELD Score for End-Stage Liver Disease (NOT appropriate for patients under the age of 12)

    Mais Calculadoras
  • Videos

    Abdominal paracentesis animated demonstration

    Mais vídeos
  • padlock-lockedConectar-se ou assinar para acessar todo o BMJ Best Practice

O uso deste conteúdo está sujeito ao nosso aviso legal