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Laryngitis

Última revisão: 20 Aug 2025
Última atualização: 11 Mar 2025

Resumo

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • hoarseness
  • dysphagia
  • sore throat
  • odynophagia
  • cough
  • hyperemia of the oropharynx
  • history of heavy vocal use
  • gastroesophageal reflux
  • oropharyngeal white-gray exudates
Detalhes completos

Outros fatores diagnósticos

  • rhinitis
  • fatigue and malaise
  • fever
  • enlarged tonsils
  • enlarged, tender anterior cervical lymph nodes
  • postnasal drip
  • dyspnea
  • weight loss
  • tonsillopharyngeal exudate
  • acute respiratory distress
  • toxic appearance
  • drooling
  • stridor
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • recent history of upper respiratory infection
  • incomplete or absent Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccination
  • incomplete or absent diphtheria vaccination
  • contact with infected individual
  • travel to area where diphtheria or tuberculosis are endemic
  • HIV or other immunocompromise
  • use of inhaled corticosteroids or prolonged courses of antibiotics
  • heavy vocal use
  • tobacco use
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • laryngoscopy
Detalhes completos

Tests to avoid

  • computed tomography (CT)
  • magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  • viral panel testing
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • biopsy
  • oropharyngeal cultures
  • nasal swab for culture
  • serum immunoprecipitation or polymerase chain reaction for diphtheria
  • complete blood count
  • rapid antigen detection test
  • chest x-ray
  • sputum cultures
  • videostroboscopy
Detalhes completos

Algoritmo de tratamento

Inicial

with potential airway compromise

AGUDA

viral

suspected bacterial: nondiphtheria and nontuberculous

confirmed diphtheria

tuberculosis

fungal

vocal strain

Colaboradores

Autores

Vaninder Kaur Dhillon, MD

Assistant Professor

Johns Hopkins University

Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

Divisions of Laryngology and Endocrine Head and Neck Surgery

Bethesda

MD

Declarações

VKD declares that she has no competing interests.

Agradecimentos

Dr Vaninder Kaur Dhillon would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Chad W. Whited, Dr Seth H. Dailey and Dr Ozlem E. Tulunay-Ugur, the previous contributors to this topic. CWW, SHD and OETU declare that they have no competing interests.

Revisores

Michael Johns, MD

Director

Assistant Professor

Emory University

Atlanta

GA

Declarações

MJ declares that he has no competing interests.

James Suen, MD

Chair; Professor

University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

Little Rock

AR

Declarações

JS declares that he has no competing interests.

Remco de Bree, MD, PhD

Otolaryngologist

Head and Neck Surgeon

VU University Medical Center

Amsterdam

The Netherlands

Declarações

RdB declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Referências

Nossas equipes internas de editoria e de evidências trabalham em conjunto com colaboradores internacionais especializados e pares revisores para garantir que forneçamos acesso às informações o mais clinicamente relevantes possível.

Principais artigos

House S A, Fisher E L. Hoarseness in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2017 Dec 1;96(11):720-8.Texto completo

Dworkin JP. Laryngitis: types, causes, and treatments. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2008 Apr;41(2):419-36. Resumo

Stachler RJ, Francis DO, Schwartz SR, et al. Clinical practice guideline: hoarseness (dysphonia) (update). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Mar;158(1_suppl):S1-S42.Texto completo  Resumo

Artigos de referência

Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
  • Laryngitis images
  • Diagnósticos diferenciais

    • Tonsillitis
    • Infectious mononucleosis
    • Allergic rhinitis
    Mais Diagnósticos diferenciais
  • Diretrizes

    • Clinical practice guideline: hoarseness (dysphonia)
    • Sore throat (acute): antimicrobial prescribing
    Mais Diretrizes
  • Folhetos informativos para os pacientes

    Sore throat

    Mais Folhetos informativos para os pacientes
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