შეჯამება
Определение
Анамнез и осмотр
Ключевые диагностические факторы
- amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea
- infertility
- galactorrhea
- loss of sexual desire (libido)
- erectile dysfunction
- visual deterioration (e.g., temporal hemianopia)
Другие диагностические факторы
- osteoporosis
- ophthalmoplegia
- headaches
Факторы риска
- genetic predisposition (e.g., presence of mutation resulting in multiple endocrine neoplasia-1 [MEN-1], familial isolated pituitary adenoma [FIPA])
- estrogen therapy
- male sex, 30 to 60 years of age
- female sex, 20 to 50 years of age
Диагностические исследования
Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь
- serum prolactin
- pituitary MRI
- computerized visual-field examination
Алгоритм лечения
premenopausal women
postmenopausal women
men
Составители
Авторы
Niamh Martin, MB ChB, PhD, FRCP
Reader in Endocrinology
Imperial Centre for Endocrinology
Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction
Imperial College London
London
UK
Раскрытие информации
NM declares that she has no competing interests.
Выражение благодарностей
Dr Niamh Martin would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Ilan Shimon, the previous contributor to this topic.
Раскрытие информации
IS receives consultancy and lecturing fees from Pfizer, Israel, and is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Рецензенты
Mark Molitch, MD
Professor
Division of Endocrinology
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago
IL
Раскрытие информации
MM is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
Список литературы
Основные статьи
Wildemberg LE, Fialho C, Gadelha MR. Prolactinomas. Presse Med. 2021 Dec;50(4):104080.Полный текст Аннотация
Melmed S, Casanueva FF, Hoffman AR, et al; Endocrine Society. Diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Feb;96(2):273-88.Полный текст Аннотация
Xia MY, Lou XH, Lin SJ, et al. Optimal timing of dopamine agonist withdrawal in patients with hyperprolactinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine. 2018 Jan;59(1):50-61. Аннотация
Статьи, указанные как источники
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Отличия
- Nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas
- Drug-induced hyperprolactinemia
- Primary hypothyroidism
Больше ОтличияРекомендации
- ACR appropriateness criteria: neuroendocrine imaging
- Clinical practice guidelines for the management of aggressive pituitary tumours and carcinomas
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