Mitral stenosis

Fusion of the leaflet commissures reducing orifice area. Usually occurs as a consequence of rheumatic fever.

Causes decreased filling of the left ventricle, while simultaneously increasing left atrial pressure, producing the syndrome of heart failure.

As disease progresses, pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure occur.

Mild disease can be treated symptomatically with diuretics. Moderate to severe disease requires mechanical correction of the valve obstruction by valvotomy, valve repair, or valve replacement.

Mitral stenosis is a narrowing of the mitral valve orifice, usually caused by rheumatic valvulitis producing fusion of the valve commissures and thickening of the valve leaflets.