Resumo
Definição
História e exame físico
Principais fatores diagnósticos
- presence of risk factors
- mid-systolic click
- late-systolic murmur
Outros fatores diagnósticos
- palpitations
Fatores de risco
- family history
- slim body type
- connective tissue disorders
- mitral annular disjunction (MAD)
Investigações diagnósticas
Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas
- echocardiogram
Investigações a serem consideradas
- Holter or event monitor
- cardiac MRI
Algoritmo de tratamento
asymptomatic
symptomatic
Colaboradores
Autores
Sheila Klassen, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Associate Director of Cardiovascular Integration
Center for Integration Science
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Boston
MA
Declarações
SK declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimentos
Dr Sheila Klassen would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Brian Griffin, Dr Shaberio Lo Presti, Dr Carmel Halley, and Dr Serge Harb, previous contributors to this topic.
Disclosures
BG, SLP, CH, and SH declared that they had no competing interests.
Revisores
John Dent, MD
Associate Professor of Internal Medicine
Director of Stress Testing Laboratory and Echocardiography
University of Virginia Health System
Cardiovascular Fellowship Program
Charlottesville
VA
Declarações
JD declares that he has no competing interests.
Prakash Punjabi, MBBS
Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer
National Heart and Lung Institute
Imperial College London
London
UK
Declarações
PP declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
Referências
Principais artigos
Otto CM, Nishimura RA, Bonow RO, et al. 2020 ACC/AHA guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2021 Feb 2;143(5):e72-e227.Texto completo Resumo
Delgado V, Ajmone Marsan N, de Waha S, et al. 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of endocarditis. Eur Heart J. 2023 Oct 14;44(39):3948-4042.Texto completo
Vahanian A, Beyersdorf F, Praz F, et al. 2021 ESC/EACTS guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2021 Aug 28:ehab395.Texto completo Resumo
Artigos de referência
Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Aortic valve disease
- Pulmonic valve disease
- Atrial myxoma
Mais DifferentialsGuidelines
- 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of endocarditis
- 2021 ESC/EACTS guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease
Mais GuidelinesPatient information
Mitral valve prolapse
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