Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- presence of risk factors
- dysuria
- urgency
- frequency
- suprapubic pain
- prior history of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and treatment history
Other diagnostic factors
- recent urinary tract instrumentation
- flank pain
- abdominal pain
- fever
- vaginal discharge
- vaginal pruritus
- dyspareunia
- structurally or functionally abnormal bladder
Risk factors
- frequent sexual intercourse
- history of urinary tract infection (UTI)
- congenital abnormality
- spermicidal jelly
- urinary catheter
- asymptomatic bacteriuria
- diabetes
- spinal cord injuries
- pregnancy
- immunodeficiency
- older age
- lack of circumcision
- age <15 years for first UTI
- new sex partner in past year
- UTI history in mother
- diaphragm use
- increasing parity
- obesity
- vaginal atrophy
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- urinalysis
- urine microscopy
- urine culture with sensitivity
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Authors
Honorary Senior Lecturer of Urology
University of Sheffield
Consultant Urological Surgeon
Department of Urology
Royal Hallamshire Hospital
Sheffield
UK
Disclosures
CC is a consultant for Astellas, Bayer, Contura, Ferring, Pierre Fabre, Symimetic, and Urovant Sciences. He is an author for Allergan, Astellas, and Ferring. He is an investigator for Astellas and Bayer. He is a co-patent holder for Symimetic. He is a speaker for Astellas and Lupin.
Consultant Urologist
Department of Urology
Royal Hallamshire Hospital
Sheffield
UK
Disclosures
AM declares that he has no competing interests.
Dr Christopher Chapple and Dr Altaf Mangera would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Michael K. Park, a previous contributor to this topic.
Disclosures
MKP declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Professor of Medicine
Department of Clinical Physiology
Division of Medicine
Whittington Campus
University College London Medical School
London
UK
Disclosures
JML declares that he has no competing interests.
Chair
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond
VA
Disclosures
DC declares that he has no competing interests.
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