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Basal cell carcinoma

Última revisión: 25 Jun 2025
Última actualización: 20 Feb 2025

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • papules with associated telangiectasias
  • plaques, nodules, and tumors with rolled borders
  • small crusts and nonhealing wounds
  • nonhealing scabs
  • pearly papules and/or plaques
Todos los datos

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • metastases associated with large or neglected BCC
  • local destruction with advanced lesion
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
  • sun exposure
  • x-ray exposure
  • arsenic exposure
  • aberrant hedgehog signaling pathway
  • xeroderma pigmentosum
  • nevoid basal cell carcinoma (Gorlin-Goltz) syndrome
  • history of nonmelanona skin cancer
  • childhood cancer survivors
  • transplant recipient
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • biopsy for dermatohistopathology
Todos los datos

Pruebas emergentes

  • in vivo multiphoton microscopy

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Inicial

nevoid basal cell carcinoma (Gorlin-Goltz) syndrome

Agudo

low-risk subtype in noncosmetically challenging location

low-risk subtype in cosmetically challenging location

high-risk subtype

En curso

positive margins on initial procedure

complicated BCC recurrences and/or site not accessible to surgical and topical therapies

advanced disease

Colaboradores

Autores

Robert A. Schwartz, MD, MPH, DSc (Hon), MAE, FAAD, FRCP (Edin)
Robert A. Schwartz

Professor & Head

Dermatology

Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School

Newark

NJ

Divulgaciones

RAS declares that he has no competing interests. RAS is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Agradecimientos

Professor Robert A. Schwartz would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr James R. DeBloom and Dr Drazen Jukic, the previous contributors to this topic.

Divulgaciones

JRD and DJ declare that they have no competing interests.

Revisores por pares

Richard Bull, BMBCh

Consultant Dermatologist

Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust

London

UK

Divulgaciones

RB declares that he has no competing interests.

David Cassarino, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

University of California

Los Angeles

CA

Divulgaciones

DC declares that he has no competing interests.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

Nasr I, McGrath EJ, Harwood CA, et al; British Association of Dermatologists' Clinical Standards Unit. British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of adults with basal cell carcinoma 2021. Br J Dermatol. 2021 Nov;185(5):899-920.Texto completo  Resumen

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: basal cell skin cancer [internet publication].Texto completo

Kim JYS, Kozlow JH, Mittal B, et al; Work Group, Invited Reviewers. Guidelines of care for the management of basal cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018 Mar;78(3):540-59.Texto completo  Resumen

Thomson J, Hogan S, Leonardi-Bee J, et al. Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Nov 17;(11):CD003412.Texto completo  Resumen

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
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  • Guías de práctica clínica

    • NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: basal cell skin cancer
    • Guidelines for the management of basal cell carcinoma
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