Testicular cancer

Testicular cancer most commonly presents as a hard, painless nodule on one testis noticed by the patient or at a regular clinic examination.

Elevated serum tumour markers can be used for disease diagnosis and aid in monitoring the treatment response.

Ultrasound of the testis is 90% to 95% accurate in diagnosis.

Radical orchiectomy to confirm histological diagnosis is initial treatment in most cases.

Infertility can be a complication of surgery.

The most common malignancy in young adult men (20 to 34 years of age), and highly curable when diagnosed early. A precancerous condition termed carcinoma in situ is highly specific early in the natural history of the disease.