Evaluation of hypocalcemia

Última revisão: 17 Aug 2025
Última atualização: 09 Oct 2024

Resumo

Diagnósticos diferenciais

comuns

  • Iatrogenic postsurgical hypoparathyroidism
  • Vitamin D deficiency
  • Hypomagnesemia
  • Hyperventilation
Detalhes completos

Incomuns

  • Isolated hypoparathyroidism
  • Pseudohypoparathyroidism
  • Autoimmune hypoparathyroidism
  • HIV-related hypoparathyroidism
  • Hypermagnesemia
  • Hyperphosphatemia
  • Hypercalciuria
  • Sepsis
  • Burns
  • Renal failure
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Extensive osteoblastic skeletal metastasis
  • Hungry bone syndrome
  • Drug-induced hypocalcemia
  • Multiple transfusions
  • Hypoalbuminemia
  • Drug interference with assay
  • Infiltrative hypoparathyroidism
  • DiGeorge syndrome and other developmental complexes
  • Rhabdomyolysis
  • Tumor lysis syndrome
  • Constitutively activating calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) abnormalities (mutations or autoimmune activation)
  • Vitamin D resistance or receptor mutations
Detalhes completos

Colaboradores

Autores

John Ayuk, MD, FRCP

Consultant Endocrinologist/Service Lead for Endocrinology

Department of Endocrinology

Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre

Queen Elizabeth Hospital

Birmingham

UK

Declarações

JA declares that he has no competing interests.

Neil Gittoes, BSc, MB ChB, PhD, FRCP

Consultant Endocrinologist and Honorary Professor of Endocrinology

Department of Endocrinology

Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre

Queen Elizabeth Hospital

Birmingham

UK

Declarações

NG has received consultancy fees from Takeda and Ascendis for work on hypoparathyroidism. NG is an author of references cited in this topic.

Agradecimentos

Dr John Ayuk and Prof Neil Gittoes would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Berhane Seyoum, a previous contributor to this topic.

Declarações

BS declares that he has no competing interests.

Revisores

Shehzad Basaria, MD

Assistant Professor

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore

MD

Declarações

SB declares that he has no competing interests.

Lawrence Kirschner, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine

The Ohio State University

Columbus

OH

Declarações

LK declares that he has no competing interests.

Richard Quinton, MD

Consultant and Senior Lecturer

Endocrine Unit

Newcastle University and Royal Victoria Infirmary

Newcastle-upon-Tyne

UK

Declarações

RQ has been reimbursed by Amgen, the manufacturer of cinacalcet, for attending a conference and for giving an educational seminar (total under £1,200 over past 3 years).

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Referências

Nossas equipes internas de editoria e de evidências trabalham em conjunto com colaboradores internacionais especializados e pares revisores para garantir que forneçamos acesso às informações o mais clinicamente relevantes possível.

Principais artigos

Cooper MS, Gittoes NJ. Diagnosis and management of hypocalcaemia. BMJ. 2008 Jun 7;336(7656):1298-302.Texto completo  Resumo

Turner J, Gittoes N, Selby P, et al. Society for endocrinology endocrine emergency guidance: emergency management of acute hypocalcaemia in adult patients. Endocr Connect. 2016 Sep;5(5):G7-8.Texto completo  Resumo

Hannan FM, Thakker RV. Investigating hypocalcaemia. BMJ. 2013 May 9;346:f2213.

Artigos de referência

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