Evaluation of nausea and vomiting in children

Last reviewed: 23 Sep 2025
Last updated: 01 Apr 2025

Summary

Diagnósticos diferenciais

comuns

  • Viral gastroenteritis
  • Bacterial gastroenteritis
  • Giardiasis
  • Migraine
  • Motion/travel sickness
  • Labyrinthitis
  • Concussion (mild traumatic brain injury)
  • Meningitis
  • Brain tumor
  • Hydrocephalus
  • Pyloric stenosis
  • Intussusception
  • Intestinal malrotation
  • Small bowel atresia
  • Diabetic ketoacidosis
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
  • Cyclic vomiting
  • Gastroparesis
  • Constipation
  • Functional dyspepsia
  • Testicular torsion
  • Urinary tract infection
  • Nephrolithiasis
  • Peptic ulcer disease
  • Acute appendicitis
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Hepatitis A
  • Lactose intolerance
  • Food allergy
  • Eosinophilic disease
  • Bulimia nervosa
  • Toxic ingestion
  • Medication adverse effects
Detalhes completos

Incomuns

  • Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
  • Pseudotumor cerebri (benign intracranial hypertension)
  • Superior mesenteric artery syndrome
  • Addison disease (primary adrenal insufficiency)
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  • Protein metabolism disorders
  • Carbohydrate metabolism disorders
  • Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
  • Hirschsprung disease
  • Ovarian torsion
  • Hemolytic uremic syndrome
  • Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
  • Small bowel lymphoma
  • Rumination
  • Factitious disorder
  • Cannabis hyperemesis syndrome
  • Otitis media
  • Pneumonia
Detalhes completos

Colaboradores

Autores

John E. Fortunato, MD
John E. Fortunato

Professor of Pediatrics

Neurointestinal and Motility Program Director

Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago

Chicago

IL

Declarações

JEF declares that he has no competing interests.

Agradecimentos

Dr John E. Fortunato would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Mary K. Rogers Boruta and Dr Roberto A. Gomez-Suarez, previous contributors to this topic. MKRB is a consultant for Medspira on pediatric integration for anorectal manometry by assisting with training providers on device use, for which she receives no compensation. There is no contractual agreement to disseminate product information. RAG-S declares that he has no competing interests.

Revisores

David A. Bergman, MD

Associate Professor

Division of General Pediatrics

Stanford School of Medicine

Palo Alto

CA

Declarações

DAB declares that he has no competing interests.

Prateek D. Wali, MD

Assistant Professor

Pediatric Gastroenterology

Golisano Children's Hospital

Upstate Medical University

Syracuse

NY

Declarações

PDW declares that he has no competing interests.

Alistair G. Sutcliffe, MB ChB, MD, PhD, FRCP, FRCPCH, PG DIP CT

Reader in General Paediatrics

Honorary Consultant Paediatrician

University College London Hospitals and Great Ormond Street Hospitals

Associate Director

Gap Unit

Institute of Child Health

University College London

London

UK

Declarações

AGS is developing a project on the use of an antiemesis drug for gastroenteritis but has no other connection with the topic per se.

Créditos aos pareceristas

Os tópicos do BMJ Best Practice são constantemente atualizados, seguindo os desenvolvimentos das evidências e das diretrizes. Os pareceristas aqui listados revisaram o conteúdo pelo menos uma vez durante a história do tópico.

Declarações

As afiliações e declarações dos pareceristas referem--se ao momento da revisão.

Referências

Nossas equipes internas de editoria e de evidências trabalham em conjunto com colaboradores internacionais especializados e pares revisores para garantir que forneçamos acesso às informações o mais clinicamente relevantes possível.

Principais artigos

American Gastroenterological Association. American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: nausea and vomiting. Gastroenterology. 2001 Jan;120(1):261-3. Resumo

Li BU, Lefevre F, Chelimsky GG, et al. North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of cyclic vomiting syndrome. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2008 Sep;47(3):379-93. Resumo

Artigos de referência

Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.

O uso deste conteúdo está sujeito ao nosso aviso legal