Summary
Differentials
Common
- Hepatitis C virus infection
- Hepatitis B virus infection
- Hepatitis A virus infection
- Alcohol-related liver disease
- Paracetamol overdose
- Non-paracetamol medications or dietary supplements
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- Gilbert's syndrome
- Haemochromatosis
- Choledocholithiasis
Uncommon
- Hepatitis E
- Hepatitis D
- Epstein-Barr virus infection
- Herpes simplex virus infection
- Cytomegalovirus infection
- HIV infection
- Sepsis
- Extrapulmonary tuberculosis
- Toxins
- Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
- Wilson's disease
- Autoimmune hepatitis
- Primary biliary cholangitis
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Liver metastases
- Pancreatic cancer
- Cholangiocarcinoma
- Hodgkin's lymphoma
- Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
- Shock
- Portal vein thrombosis
- Budd-Chiari syndrome
- Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
- Haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP) syndrome
- Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
Contributors
Authors
Stevan A. Gonzalez, MD, MS
Associate Professor
Department of Internal Medicine
TCU and UNTHSC School of Medicine
Medical Director of Liver Transplantation
Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute
Baylor Scott & White All Saints Medical Center
Fort Worth
TX
Disclosures
SAG declares that he has no competing interests.
Acknowledgements
Dr Stevan A. Gonzalez would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Jeremy Cobbold, Dr William D. Carey, and Dr Achuthan Sourianarayanane, the previous contributors to this topic.
Disclosures
WDC is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. JC and AS declare that they have no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Joseph K. Lim, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Director
Yale Viral Hepatitis Program
Section of Digestive Diseases
Yale School of Medicine
New Haven
CT
Disclosures
JKL declares that he has no competing interests.
Philip Newsome, PhD, FRCPE
Senior Lecturer in Hepatology & Honorary Consultant Physician
Liver Research Group
Institute of Biomedical Research
The Medical School
University of Birmingham
Birmingham
UK
Disclosures
PN declares that he has no competing interests.
Marlyn Mayo, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine
Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas
TX
Disclosures
MM is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Guidelines
- AASLD practice guidance on drug, herbal, and dietary supplement-induced liver injury
- EASL clinical practice guidelines on non-invasive tests for evaluation of liver disease severity and prognosis – 2021 update
GuidelinesPatient leaflets
Hepatitis B: should I have the vaccine?
Hepatitis C: what is it?
More Patient leafletsCalculators
Modified Maddrey's Discriminant Function
Glasgow Alcoholic Hepatitis Score
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