Resumo
Definição
Myxoma is the commonest cardiac tumor and constitutes 50% of all benign cardiac tumors in adults, but only 15% of such tumors in children. About 75% of primary cardiac tumors are benign. Most myxomas are found in the left atrium (75%) and, in decreasing frequencies, in the right atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle. [Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Large left atrial myxomaFrom the collection of Dr Syed Wamique Yusuf, Department of Cardiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; used with permission [Citation ends].
[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Macroscopic view of a left atrial myxomaR Al-Shahi Salman, D Northridge, ANJ Graham, R Grant. BMJ Case Reports 2009; doi:10.1136/bcr.09.2008.0875 [Citation ends].
História e exame físico
Principais fatores diagnósticos
- dyspnea
- syncope
- dizziness
- CHF/pulmonary edema
- embolic manifestations
- systolic or diastolic murmur
- tumor plop
Outros fatores diagnósticos
- weight loss
- fatigue
- fever
- pallor
- arthralgia
- Raynaud phenomenon
- loud first heart sound
- opening snap
- Carney complex
- intracerebral aneurysm
Fatores de risco
- family history of atrial myxoma
- female sex
- age 40-60 years
Investigações diagnósticas
Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas
- echocardiogram
- ECG
- CBC
- CXR
Investigações a serem consideradas
- erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- C-reactive protein
- protein electrophoresis
- CT scan (chest)
- MRI scan (chest)
- biopsy
Algoritmo de tratamento
surgical candidate
non-surgical candidate
Colaboradores
Autores
Syed Wamique Yusuf, MBBS, FRCPI
Professor of Medicine
Department of Cardiology
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Houston
TX
Declarações
SWY declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimentos
Dr Syed Wamique Yusuf would like to gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Dr Daniel J. Lenihan.
Declarações
DJL declares that he has no competing interests.
Revisores
Paul Heidenreich, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine
Stanford University
Stanford
CA
Declarações
PH declares that he has no competing interests.
Richard Steingart, MD
Chief
Cardiology Service
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
New York
NY
Declarações
RS declares that he has no competing interests.
Barry Kneale, MD, FRCP
Integrated Lead Cardiologist
Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust and Cardiac Department
Worthing Hospital
Worthing
UK
Declarações
BK declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
Referências
Principais artigos
Pinede L, Duhaut P, Loire R. Clinical presentation of left atrial cardiac myxoma. A series of 112 consecutive cases. Medicine (Baltimore). 2001 May;80(3):159-72. Resumo
Edwards A, Bermudez C, Piwonka G, et al. Carney's syndrome: complex myxomas. Report of four cases and review of the literature. Cardiovasc Surg. 2002 Jun;10(3):264-75. Resumo
Grossniklaus HE. McLean IW, Gillespie JJ. Bilateral eyelid myxomas in Carney's complex. Br J Ophthalmol. 1991 Apr;75(4):251-2.Texto completo Resumo
Ohara N, Komiya I, Yamauchi K, et al. Carney's complex with primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease and spotty pigmentations. Intern Med. 1993 Jan;32(1):60-2.Texto completo Resumo
Artigos de referência
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