Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- presence of risk factors
- age >50 years
- male sex
- geographical location: central Africa or the Mediterranean
- HIV infection
- human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8, also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus [KSHV]) infection
- immunosuppression
- skin lesion
- oral lesion
- lymphadenopathy
- lymphoedema
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- weight loss
- abdominal pain
- gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding
- diarrhoea
- dyspnoea
- haemoptysis
- chest pain
- fever
Factores de riesgo
- male sex
- HIV infection
- immunosuppressive therapy
- human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8, also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus [KSHV]) infection
- central African ethnicity
- drug abuse
- Jewish ethnicity
- Mediterranean ethnicity
- age <5 years or >50 years
- men who have sex with men
- Black American ethnicity
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- HIV test
- FBC and comprehensive metabolic panel
- skin/mucosal biopsy
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- chest x-ray
- chest CT and bronchoscopy
- CT abdomen/pelvis
- MRI
- faecal occult blood
- gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy
- PET scan
- lymph node biopsy
- renal function tests
- liver function tests
Pruebas emergentes
- human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) viraemia and serology
Algoritmo de tratamiento
HIV-associated KS
classic (sporadic) KS
iatrogenic (transplant-related) KS
endemic (observed in sub-Saharan Africa) KS
Colaboradores
Autores
David Aboulafia, MD
Attending Hematologist and Oncologist
Virginia Mason Clinical Professor of Medicine
Division of Hematology and Oncology
University of Washington
Seattle
WA
Divulgaciones
DA is the author of articles cited in this topic.
Agradecimientos
Dr David Aboulafia would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Liron Pantanowitz and Dr Bruce J. Dezube, previous contributors to this topic.
Revisores por pares
Justin Stebbing, MA, MRCP, MRCPath, PhD
Consultant Medical Oncologist/Senior Lecturer
Department of Medical Oncology
Imperial College/Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust
Charing Cross Hospital
London
UK
Divulgaciones
JS declares that he has no competing interests.
Thierry Simonart, MD, PhD
Physician
Department of Dermatology
Erasme University Hospital
Brussels
Belgium
Divulgaciones
TS declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimiento de los revisores por pares
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Divulgaciones
Las afiliaciones y divulgaciones de los revisores por pares se refieren al momento de la revisión.
Referencias
Artículos principales
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: Kaposi sarcoma [internet publication].Texto completo
Lebbe C, Garbe C, Stratigos AJ, et al; European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Diagnosis and treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma: European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline (EDF/EADO/EORTC). Eur J Cancer. 2019 Jun;114:117-27. Resumen
National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Panel on Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents with HIV. Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in adults and adolescents with HIV. 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. US Department of Health and Human Services Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in adults and adolescents with HIV. 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
Artículos de referencia
Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
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