Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute insulin deficiency.

Patients most often present with a few days or weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss, and weakness.

Some patients may present with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Insulin is required for the treatment of type 1 diabetes.

Intensive glycemic control has been shown to decrease the incidence of microvascular and macrovascular complications.

Microvascular complications include retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy.

Macrovascular complications include coronary artery, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular disease.

Technologic advances including insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitoring, and automated insulin delivery/hybrid closed-loop devices have led to an improvement in glycemic control and quality of life for people with type 1 diabetes.

Teplizumab may be used to delay the onset of clinical type 1 ԁiabеteѕ in individuals with preclinical disease.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute insulin deficiency. The condition develops due to destruction of pancreatic beta cells, mostly by immune-mediated mechanisms. In some patients there may be no evidence of autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells; this is called idiopathic type 1 diabetes.