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Vitiligo

  • 概述
  • 理论
  • 诊断
  • 治疗
  • 随访
  • 资源
最后审阅： 1 Aug 2026
最后更新： 07 Jul 2026

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • presencia de factores de riesgo
  • despigmentación de la piel de la zona acral y perioral
  • despigmentación de la piel de la zona perianal y genital
  • edad <30 años
  • traumatismo cutáneo reciente
  • dolor localizado por quemadura solar
  • potenciación y fluorescencia tras la exposición a la radiación ultravioleta A
  • nevo con halo
  • despigmentación universal
完整详情

危险因素

  • antecedentes familiares de vitiligo
  • enfermedad autoinmune
  • contacto químico
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • diagnóstico clínico
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • Examen con lámpara de Wood
  • biopsia de piel
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

vitíligo segmentario: activo en los últimos 12 meses

vitíligo no segmentario: activo en los últimos 6 meses

持续性治疗

vitíligo segmentario: estable en los últimos 12 meses

vitíligo no segmentario: estable durante los últimos 6 meses

撰稿人

作者

Sancy A. Leachman, MD, PhD

Professor

Department of Dermatology

University of Utah

Salt Lake CIty, UT

利益声明

SAL has acted as a consultant and/or investigator for Orlucent, Pathology Watch, Veriskin, and Merck, and has received an unrestricted educational grant from Castle Biosciences to support the War on Melanoma.

Annalise Abiodun, MD

Mohs Micrographic Surgery & Reconstructive Surgery/Dermatology

Tysons Corner, MidAtlantic Permanente Medical Group

McLean, VA

利益声明

AA declares that she has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Professor Sancy A. Leachman and Dr Annalise Abiodun would like to gratefully acknowledge Professor John E. Harris, Dr Mehdi Rashighi, and Dr Bernhard Ortel, previous contributors to this topic.

利益声明

JEH has acted as a consultant and/or investigator for Pfizer, Genzyme/Sanofi, Aclaris Therapeutics Inc., Incyte, Rheos Medicines, Sun Pharmaceuticals, LEO Pharma, Villaris Therapeutics Inc., Dermavant, Temprian, AbbVie Inc., Janssen, TeVido, BioDevices, EMD Serono, Almirall, Boston Pharma, Sonoma Biotherapeutics Inc., Methuselah Health, Twi Biotech, Pandion, Cogen Therapeutics Inc., Admirx, BridgeBio, AnaptysBio, Avita, and Frazier Management. He has equity in TeVido Biodevices, Rheos, and Villaris Therapeutics Inc., and is the Scientific Founder of Villaris Therapeutics Inc. JEH is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. MR has received consulting fees and/or research grants from the following: Pfizer, AbbVie, Dermavant, LEO Pharma, and Almirall. MR is an author of a reference cited in this topic. BO declares that he has no competing interests.

同行评议者

Iltefat Hamzavi, MD

Senior Staff Physician

Multicultural Dermatology Center

Henry Ford Hospital

Detroit, MI

利益声明

IH is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Piergiacomo Calzavara-Pinton, MD

Chair

Dermatology Department

University of Brescia

Brescia

Italy

利益声明

PC-P is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

参考文献

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

关键文献

Ezzedine K, Lim HW, Suzuki T, et al. Revised classification/nomenclature of vitiligo and related issues: the Vitiligo Global Issues Consensus Conference. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2012 May;25(3):E1-13.全文  摘要

van Geel N, Speeckaert R, Taïeb A, et al. Worldwide expert recommendations for the diagnosis and management of vitiligo: position statement from the International Vitiligo Task Force Part 1: towards a new management algorithm. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023 Nov;37(11):2173-84.全文  摘要

Taieb A, Alomar A, Böhm M, et al; Vitiligo European Task Force (VETF); European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV); Union Européenne des Médecins Spécialistes (UEMS). Guidelines for the management of vitiligo: the European Dermatology Forum consensus. Br J Dermatol. 2013 Jan;168(1):5-19.全文  摘要

Seneschal J, Speeckaert R, Taïeb A, et al. Worldwide expert recommendations for the diagnosis and management of vitiligo: position statement from the International Vitiligo Task Force-Part 2: specific treatment recommendations. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023 Nov;37(11):2185-95.全文  摘要

Rodrigues M, Ezzedine K, Hamzavi I, et al. Current and emerging treatments for vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017 Jul;77(1):17-29. 摘要

参考文献

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Vitiligo images

  • 鉴别诊断

    • Piebaldismo
    • Síndrome de Waardenburg
    • Esclerosis tuberosa
    更多 鉴别诊断

  • 指南

    • Worldwide expert recommendations for the diagnosis and management of vitiligo: position statement from the International Vitiligo Task Force Part 1: towards a new management algorithm
    • Worldwide expert recommendations for the diagnosis and management of vitiligo: position statement from the international Vitiligo Task Force-Part 2: specific treatment recommendations
    更多 指南
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