性交疼痛是女性的一种常见症状。
流行病学
回顾性研究显示，因疾病定义不同和抽样人群不同， 性交痛的发生率约为1.5%~70%。[1]Jamieson DJ, Steege JF. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, pelvic pain, and irritable bowel syndrome in primary care practices. Obstet Gynecol. 1996;87:55-58.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8532266?tool=bestpractice.com
[2]Glatt AE, Zinner SH, McCormack WM. The prevalence of dyspareunia. Obstet Gynecol. 1990;75:433-436.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2304713?tool=bestpractice.com
[3]Sobhgol SS, Alizadeli Charndabee SM. Rate and related factors of dyspareunia in reproductive age women: a cross-sectional study. Int J Imp Res. 2007;19:88-94.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16791280?tool=bestpractice.com
[4]Danielsson I, Sjoberg I, Stenlund H, et al. Prevalence and incidence of prolonged and severe dyspareunia in women: results from a population study. Scand J Public Health. 2003;31:113-118.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12745761?tool=bestpractice.com
[5]Frank RT. Dyspareunia: a problem for the general practitioner. JAMA. 1948;136:361.[6]Hansen A, Carr K, Jensen JT. Characteristics and initial diagnoses in women presenting to a referral center for vulvovaginal disorders in 1996-2000. J Reprod Med. 2002;47:854-860.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12418071?tool=bestpractice.com
一项针对在初级医疗保健门诊就诊女性的调查显示：46% 的女性有性交疼痛的经历，[1]Jamieson DJ, Steege JF. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, pelvic pain, and irritable bowel syndrome in primary care practices. Obstet Gynecol. 1996;87:55-58.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8532266?tool=bestpractice.com
而另一项关于参与性传播感染研究的大学毕业生的调查显示，终生患病率为 61%。[2]Glatt AE, Zinner SH, McCormack WM. The prevalence of dyspareunia. Obstet Gynecol. 1990;75:433-436.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2304713?tool=bestpractice.com
分类
性交痛可分为原发性性交痛和继发性性交痛；浅部性交痛和深部性交痛。[7]MacNeill C. Dyspareunia. Obstet Gynecol Clin N Am. 2006;33:565-577.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17116501?tool=bestpractice.com
性交疼痛和阴道痉挛在 DSM-5 中被归类为生殖器-盆腔疼痛/插入障碍。这类疾病分为：持续性或复发性阴道插入困难，在插入期间或在试图插入时出现明显的盆腔或外阴阴道疼痛，在插入前、插入时或插入后对疼痛感到恐惧或焦虑，以及在试图插入时盆底肌收紧或绷紧。[8]IsHak WW, Tobia G. DSM-5 Changes in Diagnostic Criteria of Sexual Dysfunctions. Reprod Sys Sexual Disorders 2013;2:122. doi:10.4172/2161-038X.1000122
