慢性充血性心力衰竭

心力衰竭是一系列病理生理过程的最终途径。降低任何心血管疾病发病风险的干预措施最终会降低心力衰竭的发病率。[76]Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019 Sep 10;140(11):e596-e646. https://www.doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30879355?tool=bestpractice.com 因此，公共卫生目标的关键就是预防高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖症（即代谢综合征）和缺血性心脏病的发生。生活方式的改变，如增加运动量、减少烟酒和兴奋性药物的使用，减少盐的每日摄入量，对一些确诊的疾病，如高血压、糖尿病和冠状动脉疾病等给予适当的治疗，将有助于减少心力衰竭的发生。[76]Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019 Sep 10;140(11):e596-e646. https://www.doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30879355?tool=bestpractice.com [77]Verdecchia P, Angeli F, Cavallini C, et al. Blood pressure reduction and renin-angiotensin system inhibition for prevention of congestive heart failure: a meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2009 Mar;30(6):679-88. https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/30/6/679/641835 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19168534?tool=bestpractice.com [78]Strandberg TE, Holme I, Faergeman O, et al. Comparative effect of atorvastatin (80 mg) versus simvastatin (20 to 40 mg) in preventing hospitalizations for heart failure in patients with previous myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2009 May 15;103(10):1381-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19427432?tool=bestpractice.com