小结
定义
病史和体格检查
诊断性检查
治疗流程
撰稿人
作者
Senthil N. Sambandam, MBBS, MS, MRCS(Edn)
Staff Orthopaedic Surgeon
Department of Orthopaedics
VA Medical Center
Cheyenne
WY
利益声明
SNS declares that he has no competing interests.
Varatharaj Mounasamy, MD, FRCS
Assistant Professor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond
VA
利益声明
VM is an editorial board member, European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology.
Sakthivel Rajaram Manoharan, MD, MS
Spinal Clinical Research Fellow
Queens Medical Centre
Nottingham
UK
利益声明
SRM declares that he has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Senthil N. Sambandam, Dr Varatharaj Mounasamy, and Dr Sakthivel Rajaram Manoharan would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Issada Thongtrangan, a previous contributor to this topic. IT declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Quanjun Cui, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Orthopaedics
University of Virginia
Charlottesville
VA
利益声明
QC declares that he has no competing interests.
Nicola Maffulli, MD, MS, PhD, FRCS(Orth)
Professor of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery
University Hospital of North Staffordshire
Keele University School of Medicine
Stoke on Trent
UK
利益声明
NM is an author of a study referenced in this topic.
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